The Human Body
Which macronutrient is primarily responsible for providing energy to the human body?
Carbohydrates
What is the primary function of dietary fiber in a healthy diet?Dietary fiber aids in digestion, helps regulate blood sugar levels, and promotes bowel regularity.
Dietary fiber aids in digestion, helps regulate blood sugar levels, and promotes bowel regularity.
What is the primary function of proteins in the human body?
Proteins are primarily responsible for building and repairing tissues, including muscles, skin, and organs.
What are the two main types of dietary fats?
Saturated fats and unsaturated fats
What term describes the process by which the body breaks down food into smaller components for absorption?
Digestion.
What vitamin is essential for the absorption of calcium and maintaining healthy bones?
Vitamin D
Which nutrient is most important for muscle repair and growth?
Protein
Name three common dietary sources of high-quality protein.
Eggs, fish, and dairy products like milk and cheese.
Which type of fat is considered healthier for the heart?
Unsaturated fats.
What is the word for the substances in food that the body uses for growth, energy, and repair?
Nutrients.
Which mineral is important for oxygen transport in the blood?
Iron
What type of fat is considered the healthiest for heart health?
Unsaturated fats, such as those found in nuts, seeds, avocados, and olive oil.
Why are amino acids important in proteins?
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins; essential amino acids must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot produce them.
Name a common source of saturated fats in the diet.
Butter, full-fat dairy products, or fatty cuts of meat.
Which term refers to the minimum amount of a nutrient that a person needs to prevent deficiency?
Recommended Dietary Allowance.
Name the nutrient that is necessary for the growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues.
Protein
How many grams of sugar are recommended per day for an average adult according to the World Health Organization?
Less than 25 grams (about 6 teaspoons) of added sugars per day.
How does protein deficiency affect the body?
It can lead to muscle wasting, weakened immune function, and growth retardation.
Why should trans fats be limited in the diet?
Because trans fats increase bad cholesterol levels and raise the risk of heart disease.
What is the word for the substances in food that are essential for normal body functioning but are required in small amounts?
Micronutrients.
Which type of fat is considered healthy and beneficial for heart health?
Unsaturated fats
Why is hydration important in maintaining a balanced diet?
Proper hydration helps regulate body temperature, supports digestion, and maintains overall bodily functions.
What is the recommended daily intake of protein for an average adult?
About 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day.
What is the role of omega-3 fatty acids in the body?
They support brain health, reduce inflammation, and are beneficial for heart health.
What term describes a diet that provides all the necessary nutrients in appropriate amounts?
Balanced diet.