Chapter 1
The general name for bioactive compounds that attribute color and taste to foods that are believed to benefit human health are called what?
Phytochemicals
DRIs are a set of standards for nutrient intake to prevent these
What are deficiencies and chronic diseases?
The panel on food packages that provides information on the nutrient content of the food.
What is the Nutrition Facts panel?
A study in which half of the subjects (the experimental subjects) follow diet advice to reduce fat intakes, while the other half (the control subjects) do not.
However both groups’ heart health is monitored.
What is an Intervention study?
The name of the muscular contractions that move food along the gastrointestinal tract.
What is peristalsis?
Name 4 Diet-related chronic diseases
heart disease
some cancers
strokes
type 2 diabetes
What is The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrate intake in adults?
45-65% of total calories?
The list on food packages arranged in descending order by weight.
What is the Ingredient List?
Something that increases the likelihood of developing a disease is called
What is a a risk factor?
The ____________, a gland, produces two hormones: _________ which lowers the blood glucose level when it is too high, and _______ which raises blood glucose when it is too low.
Pancreas
insulin
Glucagon
5 characteristics to recognize in a nutritious diet
adequacy
balance
moderation
calorie control
variety
The average daily intake that meets nearly all (97 - 98%) healthy people requirement is called what?
Recommended Dietary Allowance
The claim on food packages that describes the relationship between a nutrient or food and a disease or health condition.
What is a Health Claim?
This study design showed that the incidence of heart disease seems to be lower among people living in Italy, Greece, and other countries around the Mediterranean, compared with those living in the United States.
What is an Epidemiological study?
The acidic liquid produced in the stomach that aids in digestion.
What is gastric juice
4 risk factors for development of chronic diseases
Poor diet
Substance abuse (tobacco, Alcohol)
Genetics
Sedentary lifestyle
The Adequate Intake (AI) for fiber intake for women & men.
What is 25 grams per day for women and 38 grams per day for men?
The term on food packages that indicates the amount of food considered a single serving by the manufacturer.
What is Serving Size?
Stage of Behavior Change where one strives to integrate the new behavior into daily life to make it permanent. Despite relapses.
What is the Maintenance Stage?
The organ that filters toxins, and produces produces bile.
What is the liver?
In Nutrition, Essential nutrients are defined as:
Necessary nutrients that can be obtained only from the diet.
What is the CDRR value for sodium for adults aged 14 and older?
2,300 milligrams per day?
The term on food packages that indicates the percentage of a nutrient that a serving of food contributes to a 2,000-calorie diet.
What is Percent Daily Value?
Criteria that can be used to evaluate the credibility of a source of nutrition information.
*What are the qualifications and reputation of the author or organization,
*the timeliness of the information,
*and the evidence and references that support the information?
These finger-like projections increase the surface area of the small intestine and facilitate absorption.
What are villi and microvilli?
A food serving contains 9 grams of carbohydrate and provides 300 calories in a serving. What is the percentage of calories obtained from carbohydrate in the food?
12%
Chronically undersupplied nutrients in the US diet.
Name 4
These nutrients are chronically under- or overconsumed in relation to their DRI recommendations, indicating a need for change in U.S. eating habits.
Chronically undersupplied in U.S. diets
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Folate
Calcium
Iron (for some girls and women)
Iodine
Fiber
Potassium
5 USDA Food Groups
What are
Fruit
Vegetable
Grain
Protein
Dairy
????
5 Components of a Nutritious Diet
Adequacy
Balance
Calorie Control
Moderation
Variety
This organ produces enzymes, hormones and bicarbonate
What is the pancreas?
How many calories are provided by a food that contains 2 grams of carbohydrate, 10 grams of potassium, 10 grams of protein, and 8 grams of fat?
120 Calories
The Food Lists for Diabetes and Weight Management assign foods to groups based on what criteria?
Carbohydrate, fat, protein, and calorie contents.
A measure of nutrients provided per calorie of food. A nutrient dense food provides vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients with little or no added fats, added sugars, refined starches, or sodium.
What is nutrient density?
If a food label states that a food contains 4% percent of the Daily Value for dietary fiber, how can the food be labeled?
If a food label states that a food contains 25% percent of the Daily Value for potassium, how can the food be labeled?
As a low source of fiber
As an excellent source of potassium
Storage form of Carbohydrate energy in liver and muscles
What is glycogen?
Javon said that among his father's relatives, at least 5 of them had hypertension. He mentioned that since he is young and in good health, he had no intention of changing his current eating habits. This state of behavior change is called what___________
precontemplation
The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) committee recommends a diet that provides _____ percent of its calories from protein.
10–35%
A person has eaten the following vegetables over the past week: carrots, pinto beans, corn, cauliflower, coleslaw, and potatoes.
Which of the following vegetables sub groups is must include to be sure that he has included vegetables from each of the vegetable subgroups for the week?
Dark greens
According to the USDA Eating Patterns,
List the serving equivalents for : one ounce of protein food.
Must list 4 out of 5
1 oz. cooked lean meat, poultry or seafood
1 egg
1 tbs. peanut butter
1/4 c cooked legumes or tofu
1/2 oz. nuts or seeds
The main function of the kidneys is to:
remove everyday wastes and excess water from the body