Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins/ Nucleic Acids
Advanced Only
100

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?

Monosaccharide (or simple sugar)

100

The monomer of a lipid

Fatty acid

100

What is one function of a protein in your body

Enzymes, hormones, part of the cell membrane, hemoglobin, etc...

100

What is a resistance starch?

A type of starch that is not digested in the small intestine, but gets fermented in the large intestine.

200

A category of polysaccharide that can cause a spike in blood sugar

Starch

200

Name any one of the three categories of lipids

Triglyceride, phospholipid, steroid

200

What is the monomer of a protein?

Amino acid

200

What are some benefits of eating foods high in fiber?

No spike in blood sugar, good for beneficial bacteria in the gut, reduces risk of colon cancer and type 2 diabetes

300

A category of polysaccharide that is not broken down easily in the small intestine

Fiber

300

The type of fat that is liquid at room temp and generally good for your health

Unsaturated fat

300

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

Sugar, phosphate, base

300

Make a diagram showing the process of hydrolysis

See board

400

The primary organ responsible for regulating blood sugar

Pancreas

400

What are trans fats?

Unsaturated fats chemically modified to have fewer double bonds

400

What are at least 2 examples of nucleic acids?

DNA, RNA, ATP

400
How do saturated fats affect the cell membrane and its function?

Make it more tightly compacted and less fluid. Makes it harder/slower for things to move across the membrane.

500

Make a diagram showing how the pancreas and liver work together to regulate blood sugar.

See board

500

Explain why a phospholipid bilayer forms spontaneously in water

The tails are hydrophobic and the heads are hydrophilic, so the tails stick together facing each other and the heads facing out toward the water.
500
How, specifically, does DNA determine your traits?

It contains instructions for making proteins

500

"Amylomaize" is a type of corn bred to have very high amylose content and low amylopectin. What affect might eating amylomaize have on your health and why?

Would slow down digestion by adding resistance starch. Amylose lacks side branches, so it is digested more slowly. Feeds gut microbiome and prevents spike in blood sugar.