Fats and Proteins
How much of the average daily caloric intake should be fats?
(percentage)
20-35%
What percentage of a person's daily calories should be carbohydrates?
45-65%
Name the different minerals.
(5)
Potassium, calcium, iron, fluoride, iodine
Why is hydration important?
Transport of nutrients, moisture of body tissues, and removal of waste products
What is metabolism?
Production of energy from food
What are the two different classifications for fats?
Saturated and unsaturated
What are the two classifications of vitamins?
Fat soluble and water soluble
Name all of the electrolytes
(7)
Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, bicarbonate, and hydrogen phosphate
The human body is ____% water.
60%
What is the main purpose of a low fat diet?
Promoting heart health
What percentage of a person's daily calories should be protein?
10-35%
Which classification leads to hypervitaminosis and how does this occur?
Fat-soluble because when taken in excess they cannot be excreted like water soluble and therefore build up to toxic levels.
Which population is most susceptible to electrolyte imbalances?
Elderly
What makes fiber different from all other nutrients?
It is not digested or absorbed, it passes directly through the GI tract
What is the main purpose of an antioxidant diet?
Preventing cancer
What 3 functions do fats serve?
Provide energy
Assist in maintaining core body temperature
Allow for fat-soluble vitamins such as D, E, A, and K
What is one basic function for each of the vitamins A, D, E, and K
A=Vision, bone, mucous membrane, and tooth health; immunity
D=Calcium absorption
E=antioxidant, cell health
K=blood clotting
Name one source of food for each mineral.
Potassium=oranges, bananas, broccoli, potatoes, tomatoes
Calcium=milk, orange juice, bread
Iron=red meat, liver, raisins, tomato juice, dried fruit
Fluoride=fluoridated water, toothpaste
Iodine=seafood, iodized salt
What are the two classifications of fiber and why are they different?
Soluble fiber=dissolves and forms a gelatin-like substance
Insoluble fiber=increases stool bulk
What is the main purpose of the BRAT diet?
Controlling diarrhea and promoting regular bowel movements
What functions do proteins serve?
Growth, development, and repair of skin, muscles, and body tissues
Production of enzymes and hormones
Break down into amino acids during digestion for muscle and tissue development
What are the 3 types of carbohydrates and what two main purposes do they all serve?
Sugars, starches, and dietary fiber
Digestion and energy
Name one basic function for each mineral.
Potassium=muscle contraction
Calcium=bone and teeth health, muscle contraction
Iron=allowing RBCs to carry oxygen
Fluoride=dental health
Sodium=maintaining blood volume and blood pressure
Name all of the benefits of fiber
(5)
Lowering cholesterol
Normalizing bowel movements and maintaining bowel health
Prevention of colon cancer
Controlling weight
Controlling blood sugar levels
What is the main purpose of the DASH diet?
Lowering blood pressure