Essential Nutrients
The main source of energy for the body
Carbohydrates
Name the fat soluble vitamins.
Vitamins A, D, E, K
What mineral is needed for proper blood clotting and strong bones and teeth?
Calcium
Which therapeutic diet would restrict foods that are hard to digest and require a lot of chewing?
Soft diet
How many calories are present in one gram of fat?
9 calories
Made up of amino acids, needed for building and repairing body tissue
Which antioxidant vitamin is needed for healthy eyes?
Vitamin A
Iron (Copper is needed to utilize iron.)
What diet might be ordered for a patient with hypertension or CHF?
Low sodium diet
Formula used for enteral nutrition must always be administered at what temperature?
Room temperature
Needed for maintaining body temperature, cushioning the organs, dissolving fat soluble vitamins, and providing energy.
Lipids
Which vitamin is needed for the proper blood clotting?
Vitamin K
Which mineral is needed to produce thyroid hormones and regulates the basal metabolic rate?
iodine
What diet might be ordered for patients with heart disease or gallbladder disease?
Low fat diet
The heat that is released when the body uses nutrients to make energy is measured in ______.
Kilocalories (calories)
What are the organic compunds needed for metabolism and regulating various body functions?
Vitamins
Which vitamin is needed for wound healing and the absorption of iron?
Vitamin C
Which mineral is essential for wound healing and is a component of insulin and certain enzymes?
Zinc
What diet might be ordered for children with delayed growth, pregnant or lactating women, or patients with severe burns?
High protein diet
What is the basal metabolic rate?
The rate that the body uses energy for maintaining its own tissue without doing any voluntary work.
What are the inorganic elements needed for fluid balance, growth, and building and repairing tissue?
Minerals
Which vitamin is needed to absorb calcium and phosphorus?
Vitamin D
Name at least 2 minerals needed for normal heart rhythm.
Calcium, Potassium, Magnesium, Sodium
What type of diet may be ordered for patients with peptic ulcers?
Bland diet
List at 3 least things the CNA should report to the nurse if seen during an enteral feeding.
Tube is out of place or the taping is loose, Feeding pump alarm sounds, Formula is not flowing through the tube, Patient is coughing or choking, Patient feels nauseated or vomits, Patient c/o cramps or other discomfort, Skin at the entrance of the tube is damaged or oozing fluid.