Long and short term nutrition
How to confirm NG tube
xray, ph, measure, co2
How to stimulate appetite with a copd pt.experiencing anorexia
food from home, pain meds before meals, respiratory therapy after meals
Candidates for tpn?
inability to achieve enteral access, intractable diarrhea, impaired absorption of nutrients through GI, when oral intake is expected to cease for a 7-14 day period
Burn victims, celiac disease ,
Honeyliquid diet
a thickener placed in liquids for patients that have dysphagia
Fat soluble and water soluble vitamins
adek
C and b -> not in body
Prepared feeding for comatose pt
gastrostomy tube
Gastroesophageal sphincter remains intact , making aspiration less likely than with an ng (nasogastric) tube
Ways to promote eating of dementia patients
stroke underside of chin, same place same time meals, one food item at a time, between meal snacks and eat with hands
What nutrient will a patient admitted for long term alcohol exposure be given
b vitamins
They are used to metabolize vitamins, sotheyare being over used therefore in short supply
Clear liquid diet
water, broth, tea,juices withnopulp, sprite
How much carbs should your diet consist of. What is their role in nutrition
60% it is core energy in the form of glucosefrom liver. Lactose is the onl animal source
WHT isgrv and why is it important
food left in stomach liquid drained from stoma h after administering food.
Marks internal feeding rate, and indicates how well the stomach is emptying or risk of aspiration
Nutritional assessment
measure proportions of body
Diet, medications history
Protein, vitamins and mineral status
Socioeconomic data
Lab results you could expect for malnutrition
increase hematocrit =dehydration
Serum albumin, and prealbumin, tests for malnutrition
Main role of proteins , what are they madeof?
form body structures, made of a mix of 22 amino acids, broken down by pancreas in small intestine complete AA grow and repair bodytissues,
Should be 10-30% intake
What are signs of intolerance of feeding?
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, distention, abnormal bowl sounds, large grv
Nursing intervention for nutrition
assist with eatin
Encourage food
Teachnutritionlong term support
How to remove a clog from a feeding tube
warm water or air gently into tube
What do vitamins do
metabolize macros
When feeding a patient with dysphagia , what intervention prevent aspiration? How should you feed a patient withdysphagia?
30 min rest before eating, elevate hob , no straws, alternate solids and liquids.
Fats should be how much of dietary intake, whatare theymade of?
What are the twokinds?
insoluble, glycerides.
Saturated (animals, high in cholesterol) and unsaturated whic is low in h+
Digested in small intestine and goes to liver.
Most concentrated source of energy
10% or less of diet