Chap 41
Therapeutic Class: Antiulcer drug
Pharmacologic Class: Proton pump inhibitor
reduces acid secretion in stomach by binding irreversibly
to enzyme
Adverse effects: headache, nausea, diarrhea, rash, abdominal pain
Omeprazole(Prilosec)
ow·meh·pruh·zowl
Therapeutic Class: Bulk-type laxative
Pharmacologic Class: Herbal agent
swells and increases size of fecal mass
With insufficient water, may cause obstructions in esophagus or intestine
Psyllium (Metamucil)
si·lee·uhm
Therapeutic Class - Lipid-soluble vitamin
Pharmacologic Class - Retinoid
essential for general growth and development, particularly of the bones, teeth, and epithelial membranes
Vitamin A (Aquasol A, Others)
What should the nurse do following Psyllium
follow with 8oz of fluid
Therapeutic Class: Antiulcer agent
Pharmacologic Class: H2-receptor antagonist
acts by blocking receptors in the stomach to decrease acid production
Adverse effects are usually mild, with headache being the most common
symptom
Famotidine (Pepcid AC)
fuh·mow·tuh·deen
Therapeutic Class: Antidiarrheal
Pharmacologic Class: Opioid
slows peristalsis
does not have analgesic properties as other opioids do
Diphenoxylate with Atropine (Lomotil)
dai·fuh·naak·suh·layt
Therapeutic Class - Water-soluble vitamin
Pharmacologic Class - None
Used to make DNA, repair RNA and produce red blood cells
Adverse effects: uncommon
– Patients may feel flushed following IV injections
– Allergic hypersensitivity to folic acid by the IV
route is possible
Folic Acid (Folacin)
water-soluble vitamins
Therapeutic Class: Antiheartburn drug
Pharmacologic Class: Antacid
neutralizes stomach acid by raising pH of stomach contents
Adverse effects: minor; constipation
Aluminum Hydroxide
Mechanism of action: contains lipase, protease, and amylase of pork origin
as replacement therapy for patients with insufficient pancreatic exocrine secretions
GI symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea
pancrelipase (Creon, Pancreaze, Zymase)
promotes calcium absorption in the intestines and retention at the
kidneys
Adverse effects:
– Constipation and nausea are most common
– loss of appetite, unusual weight loss, mental/mood
changes, bone/muscle pain, headache,increased
thirst/urination, weakness, unusual tiredness.
calcium citrate (Citracal)
H2- receptor antagonist
neutralizes stomach acid by raising pH of stomach contents
Adverse effects: constipation,loss of appetite unusual tiredness, muscle weakness
based products may cause diarrhea
aluminum and magnenesium
Treat or prevent constipation
• Prepare bowel for surgery or diagnostic
procedures
• Promote emptying of large intestine
• Laxatives can be used to absorb or bind to
toxins in the body and excrete them as well
(example: Lactulose and ammonia).
Laxatives and Cathartics
Therapeutic Class - Magnesium supplement
Pharmacologic Class - Electrolyte
Essential for proper neuromuscular function
– Also serves a metabolic role in activating certain
enzymes in the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins
require careful observation to prevent toxicity
Magnesium Sulfate
what type of medication ends -Zole
Proton Pump inhibitor (PPI)
Role of the Nurse: Proton Pump
Inhibitor Therapy for PUD
Well tolerated for short-term use
• Monitor liver function and serum gastrin
with long-term use
• Assess for drug–drug interactions
• Obtain patient's history of smoking
an antidote for Magnesium Sulfate OD
Calcium gluconate an antidote.