Nutrients at work
What basic function provides the body's main source of energy?
Carbohydrates
What are the two types of carbohydrates?
Simple and Complex
________conributes to your growth and development
Protein
What are vitamins?
Vitamins are complex substances in food.
Naturally occurring chemical compounds are called _____________
Phytochemicals
Once swallowed, food passes into the ________, the part of the tube that connects the mouth and stomach.
Esophagus
What does Dietary fiber consists of?
plant materials that can't be digested by human enzymes
______ are greasy substances
Fats
___________ are substances that protect body cells and the immune system from damage that can be done by harmful chemicals in the air and in foods.
Antioxidants
What are the two main examples of Phytochemicals?
Carotenoids and Flavonoids
_________ is the mechanical and chemical process that breaks food down to release nutrients in forms your body can absorb for use.
Digestion
How do plants make Carbohydrates?
Through photosynthesis
Proteins are made from chemical building blocks called
Amino Acids
________________ dissolve in water and pass easily into the bloodstream during digestion.
Water-soluble Vitamins
Water makes up about ___% to___% of mature body
55%-75%
How do nutrients move into the blood stream?
Through absorption
What are the two commonly used sugar substitutes?
Artificial sweeteners and Sugar Alcohols
Studies show most Americans eat too much fat and the wrong kind, as a result their risk of _____ and _____ increases
Heart Disease and Cancer
What is Calcium (a mineral) essential for?
Keeping your bones strong.
People who don't drink enough water every day become
Dehydrated
The minimum amount of energy you need to maintain basic processes in the body is called __________.
Basal metabolism
What is the ending letters of each sugar name?
ose
_____are chemical messengers to help regulate conditions in the body
Hormones
Which vitamin helps your body release energy from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?
Niacin (Vitamin B3)
____ means getting enough water to meet all the body's needs
Hydration