Energy Balance
Balance or equilibrium in the body
What is homeostasis?
Organic substances needed by the body for metabolism, growth, and maintenance
What are vitamins?
Inorganic substances that become part of the body and are essential to good health
What are minerals?
This function eliminates 400-600 mL of liquid per day
What is obligatory excretion?
Malabsorption leads to this
What is malnutrition?
Energy used by the body at rest to maintain basic functions
What is Resting Energy Expenditure (REE)?
Vitamins A, D, E, and K are ______ soluble
What is fat-soluble
Iodine deficiency is rare in North America due to the widespread use of this food additive
What is iodized salt
When recording ice-chips in the I&O they should be recorded as _____ volume of water
What is 1/2?
This is essential in patient's with food allergy
What is complete avoidance?
Activities of daily living that burn calories
What is nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)?
This is not a true vitamin because it can be attained through nondietary sources
What is Vitamin D?
Phosphorus and _____ are vital to maintaining an acid-base balance
What is potassium?
The ___ mechanism is the body's way of helping to maintain water balance
What is the thirst mechanism?
Teeth, tongue, and openings of the salivary gland ducts are all part of this
What is the oral cavity?
Aerobic and resistance exercise increase dopamine and _____
What is serotonin?
Blood clotting is a function of this vitamin
What is Vitamin K?
Breakfast cereals, dairy products, and orange juice are examples of this kind of food
What are fortified foods?
Babies lose __% of water in their first year of life
What is 13%?
This is defined by fat in the stool
What is steatorrhea?
The CDC recommends ___ minutes of moderate intensity aerobic activity per week
What is 150?
This condition is caused by Vitamin A toxicity, the patients skin turns yellow but the whites of the eyes do not change color
What is carotenemia?
The most common nutritional deficiency worldwide
What is iron deficiency?
Respiratory alkalosis is caused by the excessive CO2 loss during this
What is hyperventilation?
Where nutrients go if they are not transported to the liver and metabolized
What is eliminated through excretion?