Nutrition I
To simplify food values, the measurement of energy obtained by food is defined as :
Kilocalorie
Fat-soluble vitamins include vitamins:
A, D, E K
New research has shown that individuals with low vitamin D level tend to have which of the following?
Decaying teeth
An adults body weight is _____% water.
60 %
What is the term for stored fat that insulates the body and serves as a cushion to protect organs?
Adipose tissue
The nutrient whose main function is to provide energy is/are:
Carbohydrates
The nurse is educating a patient on a vegan diet. What supplement will the nurse encourage this patient to take to avoid a deficiency?
B12
The body uses 20 amino acids that are important to metabolism but only 9 must be obtained from protein in the diet. What are these proteins considered?
Essential
Proteins are used primarily to:
Build, maintain and repair body tissue
Which of the following lipoproteins is considered “helpful”?
HDL
Which of the following diseases are associated with protein energy malnutrition?
Maramus and Kwashiorkor
Organic substances of a fatty nature that are insoluble in water and necessary for good health are:
Lipids
When reviewing a patient’s dietary intake, the nurse recommends that added sugar consumption be reduced to the recommended daily level. What is this level?
No more than 8% of total daily kilocalories
The purpose of which nutrition plan is to provide specific recommendations for making food choices that will improve the quality of the average diet?
“My Plate” plan, which replaced the Food Guide Pyramid
The home health nurse is caring for a patient that has undergone removal of a part of the stomach. For what should the nurse carefully assess this patient?
Pernicious anemia
When discussing the digestion and metabolism of fat, the nurse tells the patient who has a history of cholecystitis and who is on a low-fat diet that fat must be emulsified to be digested. What is the substance necessary for emulsification?
Bile
What has replaced the USDA’s Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)?
Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)
Pasta and rice are a good source of which nutrition component?
Complex carbohydrate
The severe deficiency of which vitamin can cause beriberi?
Thiamine
What is the term for softening of the bones?
Osteomalacia
The nurse makes nutrition a focus in the care plan. Where does nutrition play the most important role?
Health maintenance
A nurse is assessing a client who is exhibiting the signs and symptoms of anemia, convulsions, dermatitis, confusion and depression. Which vitamin deficiency should she suspect?
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
One gram of a carbohydrate provides how many kcals?
4 kcals
A nurse is caring for a client with high cholesterol. The physician has ordered a megadose of niacin. Which of the following side effects of niacin should the nurse monitor in the client?
Abnormal liver function and flushing
The most common nutritional deficiency in the world is:
Iron