ch 10
Vitamins:
a. Are inorganic compounds
b. Yield energy when broken down
c. Are soluble in either water or fat
d. Perform best when linked in long chains
Are soluble in either water or fat
A lack of intrinsic factor may lead to:
a. Beriberi
b. Pellagra
c. Pernicious anemia
d. Atrophic gastritis
Pernicious anemia
Vitamin A-deficiency symptoms include:
a. Rickets and osteomalacia
b. Hemorrhaging and jaundice
c. Night blindness and keratomalacia
d. Fibrocystic breast disease and erythrocyte hemolysis
Night blindness and keratomalacia
The classic sign of vitamin E deficiency is:
a. Rickets
b. Xeropthalmia
c. Muscular dystrophy
d. Erythrocyte hemolysis
Erythrocyte hemolysis
The rate at and the extent to which a vitamin is absorbed and used in the body is known as its:
a. Bioavailability
b. Intrinsic factor
c. Physiological effect
d. Pharmacological effect
Bioavailability
Which of the following is a B vitamin?
a. Inositol
b. Carnitine
c. Vitamin B15
d. Pantothenic acid
Pantothenic acid
Good sources of vitamin A include:
a. Oatmeal, pinto beans, and ham
b. Apricots, turnip greens, and liver
c. Whole-wheat break, green peas, and tuna
Apricots, turnip greens, and liver
Without vitamin K:
a. Muscles atrophy
b. Bones become soft
c. Skin rashes develop
d. Blood fails to clot
Blood fails to clot
Many of the B vitamins serve as:
a. Coenzymes
b. Antagonists
c. Antioxidants
d. Serotonin precursors
Coenzymes
Vitamin C serves as a(n):
a. Coenzyme
b. Antagonist
c. Antioxidant
d. Intrinsic factor
Antioxidant
To keep minerals available in the blood, vitamin D targets:
a. The skin, the muscles, and the bones
b. The kidneys, the liver, and the bones
c. The intestines, the kidneys, and the bones
d. The intestines, the pancreas, and the liver
The intestines, the kidneys, and the bones
A significant amount of vitamin K comes from:
a. Vegetable oils
b. Sunlight exposure
c. Bacterial synthesis
d. Fortified grain products
Bacterial synthesis
With respect to thiamin, which of the following is the most nutrient dense?
a. 1 slice whole-wheat bread (69 kcalories and 0.1 milligram thiamin)
b. 1 cup yogurt (144 kcalories and 0.1 milligram thiamin)
c. 1 cup snow peas (69 kcalories and 0.22 milligram thiamin)
d. 1 chicken breast (141 kcalories and 0.06 milligram thiamin)
1 cup snow peas (69 kcalories and 0.22 milligram thiamin)
The requirement for vitamin C is highest for:
a. Smokers
b. Athletes
c. Alcoholics
d. The elderly
Smokers
Vitamin D can be synthesized from a precursor that the body makes from:
a. Bilirubin
b. Tocopherol
c. Cholesterol
d. Beta-carotene
Cholesterol
Free radicals:
a. Are highly reactive
b. Defend against cancer
c. Act as antioxidants in the body
d. Are found abundantly in fruits and vegetables
Are highly reactive
The vitamin that protects against neural tube defects is:
a. Niacin
b. Folate
c. Riboflavin
d. Vitamin B12
Folate
The best vitamin and mineral supplements:
a. Are high potency
b. Are nanoceuticals
c. Are made from organic vegetables
d. Provide 50 to 150 percent of the Daily Value
Provide 50 to 150 percent of the Daily Value
Vitamin E’s most notable role is to:
a. Protect lipids against oxidation
b. Activate blood-clotting proteins
c. Support protein and DNA synthesis
d. Enhance calcium deposits in the bones
Protect lipids against oxidation