Digestion
Where does digestion begin?
Mouth
True or false: the liver uses back-up glucose stores to keep blood sugar levels stable between meals and snacks.
True!
Name 3 food sources of protein.
A deficiency in iron leads to this condition.
Anemia
Name the 3 macronutrients you should have at each meal.
Carbs, protein, fat
What are the names of the chemicals that digest food?
Enzymes
Which macronutrient does our brain primarily rely on for fuel?
Carbohydrates
Name 2 reasons why eating enough fat is important.
• Fat-soluble vitamin absorption
• Hormone production
• Thermoregulation
• Building blocks of brain structure
• Energy production
• Maintaining cell membrane structure
Scurvy is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin?
Vitamin C
You are planning on having carrots as a side at dinner and know that having fat in your meal will allow you to absorb the Vitamin A in the carrots, since Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamins. List 2 ways you could add fat to this component.
Roast in oil, have carrot sticks with dressing
True or false: nutritional restriction causes digestion to slow down.
True
• Symptoms of slowed digestion: early onset fullness, constipation, bloating, GI discomfort
What do the kidneys do?
Filter our bloodstream and get rid of waste products and toxins through urine.
Name the 4 fat-soluble vitamins.
Vitamin ADEK!
Can only be absorbed in the presence of fat.
Vitamin D deficiency leads to this bone condition.
Rickets
You are planning out your breakfast and aren't sure what to have for your starch. Name 2 options that you could choose.
Oats, bread, bagel, cereal
What is the name of the nervous system that controls the digestive system?
Enteric nervous system (part of the autonomic nervous system)
Regulates the movement of water and electrolytes between the gut and tissue fluid
Which macronutrient forms the building blocks of our brain?
Fat!
Hyponatremia refers to a low level of this mineral
Sodium
Hypo = low
Na = chemical symbol for sodium
The sun is one of the best sources of this Vitamin.
Vitamin D
You are planning on eating some iron-rich foods this week and know that Vitamin C will help increase your body's absorption of iron. Name a meal that you could plan that would include these 2 nutrients.
Steak (iron) and potatoes with a citrus salad or roasted red pepper (Vit C)
Chili with meat/beans
What is the function of the pancreas in digestion?
Produces enzymes (amylase, lipases, proteases)
Hyperphosphatemia refers to a high level of this mineral.
Phopshorus
Hyper = high
Phos = phosphorus
Which 3 elements are carbohydrates made up of?
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Night blindness is caused by a deficiency in which Vitamin?
Vitamin A