Nutrients
This category of micronutrients can be found not only on nutrient labels, but also on the periodic table
What are minerals
The process of digestion begins in the mouth with this voluntary action
What is chewing
The process of breaking down food into absorbable components, starting in the mouth and ending in the intestines, is called this
What is digestion
Rice, bread, and pasta are foods traditionally categorized within the following food group
What are grains
Many food borne illnesses, or "food poisoning," can be prevented by the following action which is also recognized as one of the most important methods of preventing communicable diseases in general
What is hand hygiene / handwashing
While most nutrients are completely found in food sources, this particular nutrient is also made by chemical reactions in the skin when exposed to sunlight, earning it the nickname, "the sunshine vitamin"
What is vitamin D
This 22-foot long tubular organ is where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place
What is the small intestine
Urea and other wastes from blood are filtered and excreted through this fist-sized organ
What is the kidney
Liquid oils such as live oil, avocados, and pumpkin seeds are a good source of this general type of fat, often regarded as "healthy fats," as opposed to the more solid types of fat found in beef, butter, or coconut oil
What are unsaturated fats
The nondigestible carbohydrates are collectively referred to as this, which is found exclusively in plant foods such as whole grains, legumes, fruits and vegetables
What is fiber
Of the macronutrients, this nutrient is the primary source of energy for the body as a whole and is normally the exclusive source of energy used by the brain
What are carbohydrates
The movement of food down the digestive tract is propelled by smooth muscles in this involuntary process
What is peristalsis
When broken down by the body, macronutrients produce energy which is measured in this unit
What are calories
While not traditionally regarded as a "food," this liquid essential nutrient is so important that humans can only live a few days without it, whereas they can live for weeks without food
What is water
The body mass index (BMI) is a ratio of a person's weight to the square of this measurement
What is height
This micronutrient plays an important role in the formation of blood clots, the discovery of which led to its name, based on the German medical term for clotting
What is vitamin K
This sac-shaped organ stores digestive juices prior to releasing them when needed into the digestive tract; an important role that nevertheless some people can live without after its surgical removal
What is the gallbladder
Nutrients such as vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, and selenium protect cells by neutralizing free radicals in this process
What is antioxidation
What is five
The medical term describing a person with a BMI of 30 or higher
This essential nutrient is often consumed in excess in processed foods such as chips and snacks, which is linked to high blood pressure
What is sodium
Food and liquid are prevented from going into "the wrong pipe," when the windpipe is sealed off by this flap of tissue
What is the epiglottis
After macronutrients are broken down for use as energy, that energy is stored and used in the chemical bonds of this phosphorylated molecule, often referred to as the "energy currency of the cell"
What is ATP
The formation and maintenance of bones and teeth requires this essential mineral, which can be found in abundance in dark leafy greens
What is calcium
This eating schedule, which limits food consumption to certain times of the day to allow for prolonged periods without food, became popular in recent years as a possible weight loss method
What is intermittent fasting