Macronutrients
Which macronutrient gives the most energy?
fat
Which vitamins are water-soluble?
Vitamins B and C
What food group makes up 30% of the MyPlate guidelines?
Grains
What is the basic unit of energy in food?
Calorie
What is the primary function of metabolism?
Converts food into energy
Where do saturated fats come from?
Animal sources
In what foods is Vitamin A most commonly found?
Red, orange, and yellow fruits
What are 4 beneficial nutrients that grains contain?
Antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, fiber
What does BMR stand for?
Basalmetabolic rate
What are 3 factors that influence metabolism?
Answers include: age, muscle mass, physical activity, genetics, hormones
What happens to muscles if not enough carbohydrates are eaten?
They break down into amino acids
What micronutrient is responsible for blood clotting?
Vitamin K
What nutrition guideline was established in 1992?
The food pyramid
What nutrients contain the least amount of calories?
Micronutrients, or vitamins and minerals
How many calories per gram does protein contain?
4
Which organ is important for protein synthesis?
Liver
What is the term for how much of a nutrient the body can absorb?
Bioavailability
What nutrient is found in every food group and helps prevent cell damage?
Antioxidants
What happens to excess glucose that is not immediately used for energy?
Stored in the form of glycogen
What is one metabolic disorder?
Answers include: diabetes, thyroid issues, phenylketonuria, metabolic disease, cushing’s syndrome
What is the difference between complete and incomplete protein?
Lack of some of the 9 essential amino acids
What is one source of calcium that is not from the dairy group?
Leafy greens, fish, tofu, legumes
Why is cream cheese not considered a dairy product?
There is not enough calcium or fat in it
What device uses air displacement to measure body composition?
Bod pod
Which internal body system is not included in the amount of energy designated for basal metabolism?
Digestive system