Digestive System
What is the primary organ where digestion begins?
The mouth
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.
What is the main organ of the circulatory system?
The heart
What are the primary organs of the excretory system?
The kidneys
How does the digestive system contribute to the overall process of nutrition?
The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed and used by the body for energy and growth.
What enzyme in saliva helps break down carbohydrates?
Amylase
What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?
Alveoli
What are the three types of blood vessels in the circulatory system?
Arteries, veins and capillaries
What is the main waste product excreted by the kidneys?
Urine
What role does oxygen play in cellular nutrition?
Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration, the process by which cells break down glucose to produce energy.
Where does most of the absorption of nutrients occur in the digestive system?
Small intestine
What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?
The diaphragm contracts and relaxes to change the volume of the chest cavity, causing inhalation and exhalation.
What is the role of red blood cells in the circulatory system?
Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues
What is the role of the ureters in the excretory system?
Ureters transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
How does the circulatory system participate in the nutrition process?
The circulatory system transports nutrients absorbed by the digestive system to cells throughout the body via the bloodstream.
What is the role of bile in digestion?
Bile helps emulsify fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets for easier digestion by enzymes.
What is the function of cilia in the respiratory system?
Cilia help to sweep mucus and debris out of the respiratory tract, preventing infections.
What is the name of the large artery that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body?
Aorta artery
What is the function of the urinary bladder in the excretory system?
The urinary bladder stores urine until it is expelled from the body through the urethra.
Explain the relationship between the respiratory and circulatory systems in supporting cellular nutrition.
The respiratory system provides oxygen to the bloodstream, which is then transported by the circulatory system to cells for cellular respiration, producing energy and releasing carbon dioxide.
What is peristalsis and where does it occur in the digestive system?
Peristalsis is the involuntary muscular contraction that moves food through the digestive tract. It occurs in the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.
What is the medical condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to difficulty breathing?
Asthma
What happens during the ventricular systole?
The heart's ventricles contract, and the blood contained in the ventricles passes through the semilunar valves until it reaches the arteries.
Name the three phases of the blood filtering process and urine formation, as well as the structure where the process takes place.
The process occurs in the nephron and is composed of glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
What role does the excretory system play in maintaining overall nutrition in the body?
The excretory system removes waste products, toxins, and excess substances from the body, ensuring that cells can function optimally and maintain homeostasis for proper nutrition.