Macronutrients and Micronutrients
What macronutrient builds new tissue and produces hormones?
What is protein?
According to MyPlate, what two food groups should make up half your plate?
What are fruits and vegetables?
Where does digestion start in the body?
What is the mouth with chewing and salivary enzymes?
How much folic acid is recommended daily for women of childbearing age?
What is 200 mcg?
What blood test measures long-term glucose control?
What is hemoglobin A1C?
Which vitamin helps with vision, skin health, and immune function?
What is Vitamin A?
Which mineral listed on a food label helps form strong bones and teeth?
What is calcium?
What is the wave-like motion that moves food through the digestive tract called?
What is peristalsis?
During pregnancy, what two nutrients should be increased?
What are iron and folic acid?
What should the head of the bed be elevated to during tube feedings?
What is at least 30 degrees?
Name the two types of carbohydrates and give one example of each.
What are simple (ex: glucose, fructose) and complex (ex: brown rice, whole grains) carbohydrates?
Name two nutrients the FDA requires to be listed on Nutrition Facts labels.
What are Vitamin D and Iron (also Potassium and Calcium)?
What organ absorbs fluids and electrolytes from the leftover bulk of food?
What is the large intestine?
After menopause, women need more of which mineral to prevent osteoporosis?
What is calcium?
Name two signs of hypoglycemia.
What are clammy skin, shakiness, confusion, irritability, dizziness, or headache?
What is the term for vitamins that dissolve in fat, can be stored in the body, and may become toxic in large amounts?
What are fat-soluble vitamins? A,D, E, and K
What should at least half of your grain intake consist of according to the Dietary Guidelines?
What are whole grains?
What part of the GI tract absorbs most nutrients?
What is the small intestine?
What are two common eating disorders seen in adolescents and explain them.
What are anorexia and bulimia?
Anorexia = food restriction, a fear of gaining weight, and distorted body image.
Bulimia = bingeing with large amounts of food and then purging by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or compulsive exercising.
What type of nutrition is given through a central vein and is highly concentrated?
What is Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)?
Which type of fat is found in olive oil and helps lower LDL cholesterol?
What is monounsaturated fat?
How many minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity are recommended for adults?
What is 150 minutes?
What enzyme begins the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth?
What is salivary amylase?
Older adults are at higher risk for malnutrition due to a decrease in what senses?
What are taste and smell?
What are two complications of enteral feeding and two complications of TPN?
What are aspiration, clogged tubes, diarrhea, or infection for enteral feeding and hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia for TPN?