Adolescent Nutrition
Adolescent nutrition contributes to what percentage of adult weight gain
80%
20%
50%
40%
40%
What percentage of children in the US were classified as obese in 2016?
10%
15%
18%
23%
18%
Weight stigma is associated with an increase in which hormone, which contributes to weight gain?
Insulin
Cortisol
Leptin
Dopamine
Cortisol
What is the most effective obesity prevention strategy for children?
Low calorie diet
Physical activity + balanced diet
Low fat diet
Fasting
Physical activity + balanced diet
How does childhood undernutrition impact cognitive development later in life?
It affects physical growth but not brain development
It can cause deficits in memory, attention, & learning
It can increase intelligence due to metabolic adaptations
It only affects cognitive function when combined with obesity
It can cause deficits in memory, attention, & learning
Adolescent girls tend to consume less of which food group due to concerns about weight gain?
Meat
Grain
Dairy
Fruit
Dairy
Which micronutrient deficiency is ranked as the leading cause of disability in adolescents according to the WHO
Vitamin D
Iron
Calcium
Zinc
Iron (anemia)
Weight Based Internalization leads to which of the following outcomes?
Less physical activity
Lower stress levels
Increased motivation to lose weight
Healthcare avoidance
Healthcare avoidance
Which dietary approach is most effective at improving adolescent nutrition in low-income settings?
Vitamin supplements
Food fortification
Juice cleansing
Intermittent fasting
Food fortification
Which micronutrient is crucial for neurotransmitter production & is linked to learning and memory impairments when in deficit?
Iron
Vit C
Magnesium
Omega 3 fatty acids
Iron
How does early life undernutrition contribute to adolescent obesity?
Habit formation
Metabolic programming
Development of stigmatizing ideas
Metabolic programming
20%
32%
45%
56%
56%
Experiencing weight stigma in childhood is associated with all of the following in the long term except for:
Increased risk of binge eating
Increased motivation to maintain a healthy weight
Higher BMI
Lower self esteem
Increased motivation to maintain a healthy weight
When attempting weight loss, what kinds of interventions do adolescents prefer? (Pick 2)
Exercise
Low fat diet
Hydration
Psychotherapy
Exercise & hydration
Why does weight stigma contribute to obesity rather than weight loss?
It increases cortisol levels
It encourages unhealthy eating habits
It makes individuals more likely to seek medical diagnosis
It increases cortisol levels
What is the double burden of nutrition?
The simultaneous presence of undernutrition and obesity
Which of the following contributes most to food-insecurity related obesity in urban populations?
Overeating at home
Reliance on processed foods
Low rate of physical activity
Reliance on processed foods
How does health education contribute to weight stigma?
Focus on internal characteristics
Use of stigmatizing imagery
Lack of actionable advice
Use of stigmatizing imagery
What fortified food was implemented in the 1920s to address goiter in the Midwest?
Iodized salt
Are there long-term complications associated with eating disorders or does the body adapt over time?
There are long term complications
Which socioeconomic factor is most likely to increase the risk of undernutrition and obesity in adolescents?
Living in a rural area
Low parental education
Low household income
Low access to home-cooked meals
Low household income
During what phase of life is nutrition especially important, as the brain and body are both undergoing rapid development?
Puberty
Which psychological disorder is associated with obesity?
ADHD
Autism
Major Depressive Disorder
Substance use
Major Depressive Disorder
Which type of intervention has been found to be most effective in lowering BMI in adolescents?
Calorie restriction
School based nutrition education
Community based interventions
High protein diets
Community based interventions
Which physiologic outcome is increased cortisol associated with?
Chronic inflammation