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The study of how the body uses the nutrients in the foods that are eaten.
nutrition
Chemical substances from food the body needs to live.
nutrients
A lack of the right proportions of nutrients over an extended period of time.
malnutrition
Vitamins that dissolve in fats.
Fat-soluble vitamins
Vitamins that dissolve in water.
Water-soluble vitamins
The body's main source of energy.
carbohydrates
An important energy source belonging to a larger group of compounds.
fats
Chemical compounds that are found in every body cell.
proteins
Complex organic substances.
vitamins
Inorganic substances that become part of the bones, soft tissues, and body fluids.
minerals
An illness caused by the lack of a sufficient amount of a nutrient.
Deficiency disease
Purified substances that are manufactured or extracted from natural sources.
Dietary supplements
A substance that prevents or slows damage caused by chemical reactions involving oxygen.
A source of added nutrients in the diet aside from supplements.
fortified foods
Poisoning.
toxicity
The bodily process of breaking food down into simple compounds the body can use.
digestion
The process of taking in nutrients and making them part of the body.
absoprtion
The chemical processes that take place in the cells after the body absorbs nutrients.
metabolism
The form of sugar carried in the bloodstream for energy use throughout the body.
glucose
A form of complex carbohydrates from plants that humans cannot digest.
fiber
Chemical chains that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
fatty acids
A fatlike substance found in every cell in the body.
cholesterol
The building blocks of matter.
amino acids
Waves of muscle contractions that push food through the digestive tract.
peristalsis
A liquid secreted by the mouth that makes food easier to swallow and begins to break down starches.
saliva