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Pathophysiology
Nutritional Impact Across the Lifespan
Nutritional Therapy
Collaborative Interventions
Miscellaneous
100
Critical illness is associated with _________ type of state in which patients commonly demonstrate a systemic inflammatory response?
What is Catabolic Stress
100
Pediatric patient have _________ nutrient needs for growth and development and _________ nutrient reserves when compared with adults.
What are high and low?
100
route of feeding that is more likely to favorably impact outcome parameters of infection, organ failure, and hospital LOS.
What is Enteral
100
All hospitalized patients are required to undergo an initial nutrition screen within _________ of admission.
What is 48 hours?
100
Possible nursing diagnosis for Weight changes and anthropometric measurements?
What is fluid volume excess or deficit ?
200
_________ is the increased rate of metabolic activity characterized by increased basal metabolic rate
What is hypermetabolism?
200
Because the hypermetabolic response in critically ill children is less pronounced than in adults, _________ is often a problem that leads to complications.
What is overfeeding?
200
individually estimated on a daily basis from measurements of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production
What is Indirect calorimetry
200
Name at least three screening and assessment tools used for evaluating nutritional status.
What are Mini Nutritional Assessment, the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, the Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire, the Malnutrition Screening Tool, the Subjective Global Assessment?
200
When the body needs more energy it uses all the _________ available and when it runs out of carbohydrates it moves on and uses the _________ .
What are carbohydrates, proteins?
300
During critical illness the body has a decrease in the amount of energy being used True or False?
False the amount of energy being used by the body is increased
300
_________ have numerous side effects, like nausea, that may prevent the critically ill patient from being hungry and wanting to eat.
What are medications?
300
In the situation where EN is not available and evidence of protein-calorie malnutrition is present (usually defined by recent weight loss of _________ or actual body weight less than 90% of ideal body weight), initial priorities are reversed and use of PN has a more favorable outcome.
What is 10% to 15%
300
Who implements the enteral feeding guidelines, by using a systematic approach aligned with local context and ways of practicing?
Who is Critical Care Nurses?
300
When should EN be initiated?
What is as soon as fluid resuscitation is completed and the patient is hemodynamically stable?
400
Name some complications associated with critical illness
What are prolonged hospitalization, multiorgan dysfunction, and increased infectious morbidity?
400
Occurs in the geriatric population and has a negative impact on their nutritional status.
What is depression?
400
Failure to weigh children in the PICU is attributable to
What is perceived dangers of moving critically ill patients and the low priority among health care workers for nutritional assessment.
400
What is (REE) resting energy expenditure?
What is the amount of energy, usually in kcal, required for a 24-hour period by the body during resting conditions.
400
In order for wound healing to occur in a state of critical illness, protein anabolism is required. True of false?
What is true? The breakdown of protein is called protein catabolism causing a negative nitrogen balance, which in turn delays wound healing.
500
Critically ill patients are usually mobile and at low risk for skin problems and venous thromboembolism. True or False
False they are usually immobile and at high risk for skin problems and venous thromboembolism.
500
A patient with dysphagia requires this type of feeding tube to reduce the risk for aspiration.
What is PEG tube?
500
A 10 year old male patient was diagnosed with heart failure 6 months ago and was placed on thiazide diuretic therapy. Currently presents to the ED with following ABGs; PH 7.48 pCO2 42 mmHg pO2 90 mmHg pHCO3 30 mmol/l What can you expect to be ordered/administered to correct this acid-base imbalance?
What is chloride
500
The prevalence of malnutrition in pediatrics, requires the ability to accurately measure?
What is body composition?
500
_________ exists in the first 24–72 hours following admission or the onset of a hypermetabolic insult.
What is “Window of opportunity”?