Vocabulary
Patterns of weather over longs periods of time.
Climate
This object in space where the earth gets its energy.
the sun
Locations on closer to these areas tend to be colder.
the poles
When ocean currents are colder than the air temperature of a location, which way does the energy transfer? "______ to _______"
Air to ocean
What happens to the molecules when there is an increase in kinetic energy?
get hotter and/or move faster
The invisible line that divides the Earth into Northern and Southern hemispheres.
the Equator
The sun's energy transfers here before it can heat up the air.
the land or water (or the surface)
As you go from the equator to the poles, the energy from the sun _________ (one word answer is okay)
decreases
When ocean currents are warmer than the air temperature of a location, which way does the energy transfer? "________ to ________"
ocean to air
What happens to the molecules when there is an decrease in kinetic energy?
move slower and/or get colder
This number indicates how far north or south a place is of the equator.
latitude
What factors impact an area's air temperature? List at least 2
- latitude/energy from the Sun
- ocean currents
- elevation
As you increase in elevation, what usually happens to air temp and the number of oxygen molecules?
Air temp and the number of oxygen molecules decrease
What was the name of the current famous for helping to win a war?
the Gulf Stream
Energy always transfers in this direction. Use sentence frame below.
"______ to _______"
hot to cold
A giant pattern of moving water that can span whole oceans and moves in a circle
Gyre
If an ocean current, from the equator, passes by a coastal city and the temp of the ocean current is warmer than the air, what will happen between the air and the ocean current? Use sentence frame below.
"Energy from the _________ will transfer to the _______ and the temp of air will________."
Energy from the ocean will transfer to the air and the temp of air will increase.
A location that has colder than expected temperatures probably has this factor influencing it. The ocean current is coming from where?
the poles
Deep ocean currents are influenced by these two things.
temperature and density (salinity)
If the air is warmer than the land and transferring energy to the land, is the ocean current coming from the poles or the equator?
equator
Types of heat transfer (just list the type of heat transfer as your answer and list in 1, 2, and 3):
1.) Hot air/water rising, cold air/water sinking
2.) Sun transferring energy surface
3.) Land touching air and transferring energy
1.) convection
2.) radiation
3.) conduction
Complete the sentence below. Just list the blanks in your response.
Due to Earth's ______ shape, the energy from the Sun spread out over a _______ area at the equator and _____ at the poles, so the equator gets more ______ sunlight.
spherical, smaller, larger, direct
Why do air temps usually decrease as you go up in elevation?
What factors influence ocean currents? Hint: 5 factors
1.) Prevailing winds
2.) Continents
3.) Rotating Earth or Coriolis Effect
4.) Density/Salinity of water
5.) Energy from Sun
If a city is located close to the equator but the ocean current is coming from the poles, the energy is doing this. Use sentence frame below
"Energy is transferring from _____ to _____".
Energy is transferring from the air to the water