Surviving the Extremes
-Gives us oxygen to breathe
-Keeps us warm
-Protects us from meteors and solar radiation
What are some foods astronauts may eat in space?
-Juice
-Scrambled eggs
-Tortillas
-Carrots
-Diced apricots
-Steak
What is gravity
What is one reason we cannot just bring all the water we need to space
-Too heavy
-Launches are expensive, and the space could be used to bring more important cargo to space
What is the communications cap that astronauts wear sometimes called for its resemblance to the aviator cap worn by a cartoon character
Snoopy Cap
List three challenges astronauts face in space
-Extreme Temperatures
-No Pressure
-Debris and Radiation
What is atrophy
The loss of bone and muscles
What is the force pushing back against moving objects
What are the phases of the water cycle
Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation, Collection
What is the "7 Minutes of Terror"
The term for the intense entry, descent, and landing phase of a spacecraft reaching Mars
What does EMU stand for
Extravehicular Mobility Unit
Why must walls be perfectly sealed on habitats in space
To keep high pressure air in and radiation out
What are some examples of spacecraft shock absorbers
-Springy Legs
-Giant Airbags
-Crushable materials
What do higher and lower numbers indicate on the pH scale
Lower number = basic
Why do muscles atrophy in space
Who was the first woman in space
Valentina Tereshkova
What is regolith
The dust, rock, and soil that cover the surface of Mars and the Moon
What percentage stronger is drag on Mars compared to Earth?
1% to 1.6%
What does it mean for water to be potable
Safe, clean, and suitable for drinking
How does the Whipple shield work, and what does it do
It uses one or more "bumper" layers spaced away from the walls of the spacecraft to shatter high-speed impacts into smaller fragments and spread force over a wider area, preventing debris from puncturing the spacecraft's hull
What part of the EMU contains the oxygen that astronauts breathe and pressurizes the suit?
The PLSS or Portable Life Support System
What is the term for building with resources that are already at the site?
In-situ resources
Why do parachutes not work on the moon
The absence of the atmosphere means there is no air or air resistance to open the parachute or create drag
What are the three systems that work together in the Enviromental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS)
-Water Recovery System
-Oxygen Generation System
-Air Revitalization System
Describe the Sabatier reaction
Hydrogen combines with the carbon dioxide astronauts breathe out to create water and methane