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Paper 3 is My Homie
Human Relationships, Human Relationschmips
My Body is My Temple
Study...what study?
Potpourri
100
What is snowball sampling? When is it good to use?
Researchers ask participants if they can recommend other participants. Useful with "hidden populations" such as illegal drug users or the homeless.
100
Explain the difference between altruism and prosocial behavior. What is a study you can use to describe each?
Altruism: giving help to another for no anticipated reward, and a cost to oneself. Not usually planned. EX. Hamilton 1963, Batson 1981 Prosocial: benefits another and has positive social consequences. EX. Miller 1990
100
What is one example of a health promotion strategy?
Health promotion campaign. EX. Truth
100
What is a major weakness in Buss 1990.
Surveys given in many languages> translation issues. Not all countries had representative samples> low generalizability.
100
In what year was the blue M&M first introduced?
1995
200
Explain the idea of "credibility."
Similar to validity. Findings should reflect the meaning of the participant. To increase, findings should be presented to the participant to ensure they agree.
200
Explain he term "diffusion of responsibilty." To which topic and study does this apply?
"Examine factors influencing bystanderism." Responsibility is lessened when more bystanders are present and this reduces the psychological cost of not intervening. Latane & Darley 1970
200
Explain the role of appraisal in stress with reference to a research study.
Speisman 1964 Trauma, denial, or intellectualization conditions with different soundtracks of a documentary. Results suggest that stress was not intrinsic but dependent on how the subject appraised the situation.
200
Name the study that describes the severity of stressful situations in life.
Holmes and Rahe 1967
200
Which Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle always wears red bandanas?
Raphael...duh
300
What are the strengths and weaknesses of a qualitative approach to research.
+: Holistic, less open to researcher bias, rich data, can understand complex human behavior, increase in validity b/c people studied in own env. -: Time consuming, data may be difficult to analyze, subjective interpretation of data.
300
What is a study you can use to explain the cultural factors in attraction? What are its major findings?
Buss 1990 Cross-cultural factors in attraction: 9,474 participants, 33 countries, "mutual attraction and love" rated as especially important in all relationships, "chastity" had 37% variance, "financial prospects" important to women, "youth" valued by men, "physical attractiveness" valued by men.
300
Explain 1 factor related to the development of substance abuse or addictive behavior.
Biological: Nicotine is addictive, Benowitz 2009 Sociocultural: Parental Roles and SLT, Powell & Chaloupka 2003
300
Name the study: A longitudinal study that reported a 50% decrease in self reports of the incidence of bullying in Norway.
Olweus 2003
300
What are the full names of the four members of the Beatles?
John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr
400
What should researchers be sure to do before and after an interview?
Before: train to avoid interviewer effects, develop interview guide, decide how data will be recorded/transcribed, ensure ethical considerations>consent, confidentiality, anonymity. During: ethics, establish rapport, actively listen. After: analyze data, debrief, establish credibility.
400
Explain the "subculture of violence" theory as an explanation of violence. Provide a study as evidence.
Violent behavior results from a commitment to subculture norms and values. This acts as a measure of social control. Violence used to defend honor, maintain status etc. Wolfgang & Ferracuti 1967 Nisbett & Cohen 1996
400
Explain 2 strategies for coping with stress, providing a study for each.
Problem Focused Coping: Folkman & Lazarus 1988 Tend & Befriend: Taylor 2002 MBSR: Shapiro 1998 Yoga: Hartfiel 2001 Stress Inoculation Training: Meichenbaum 1988
400
Name the following studies: 1. CBT as therapy for overeating 2. Surgery as treatment for overeating/obesity 3. Drug therapy as treatment for obesity
1. Stahre 2007 2. Maggard 2005 3. Berkowitz 2006
400
What 3 countries do not use the metric system?
Liberia, Myanmar, and The United States
500
Using an example, explain the strengths and weaknesses of a case study as a research method.
+: Can investigate phenomena that can't be studied otherwise, holistic, may stimulate further research, can be used as a method of triangulation to establish credibility. -: Cannot be replicated, may lack objectivity, often reliant on memory of participant, not transferable b/c each case is unique.
500
What are some LT and ST effects of being exposed to violence? Which studies could you use as evidence?
Stress response. ST: Schuster 2001, stress after 9/11, telephone interview of 560 participants. Level of stress may be related to how much exposure to the attacks. LT: Mynard 2000, PTSD and bullying, 40% experienced some type of bullying, social exclusion more likely to lead to PTSD.
500
Explain either the Health Belief Model or the Stages of Change Model of health promotion.
HBM: Turner 2006 (Osteoporosis) Perceived vulnerability, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, self efficacy. SoC: West and Sohol 2006 Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance.
500
Name 2 studies that explain the effectiveness of health promotion strategies.
Peckman and Reibling 2006: Fear appeals in anti-smoking attitudes Schum and Gould 2007: Effectiveness of the Truth Campaign
500
Which animal has the longest tongue relative to its total size?
The Chameleon