All Things ICP
Used to determine the elemental composition of a sample
What is ICP-OES
I am the equation primarily used for dilution calculations
What is M1*V1 = M2*V2
What does mg/L stand for?
what is milligrams per liter
True or False: Most produced oilfield water has a pH between 4 and 8
What is True
Molecules composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms
What are Hydrocarbons
How many gallons are in one barrel?
What is 42 gallons
The limit of which one constituent can be dissolved in another
What is Saturation
What do the letters ICP-OES stands for
What is Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectroscopy
What volume of 6.00 M HCl is needed to prepare 30.0 mL of a 0.500 M HCl solution?
What is 2.50 mL
This acid is used to help ensure that the elemental components of the sample remain dissovled and prevents precipitation that could interfere with accuracy
What is 2% Nitric Acid
What does QC stand for?
What is Quality Control
5.6 mg/L = how many PPM?
what is 5.6 ppm
As pH decreases, __________ potentially increases
What is Corrosion
SRB (a type of bacteria) stands for?
What is Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria
Most emphasis is placed on sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) because of their clear links to the production of hydrogen sulfide, which is corrosive to steel
Evaluate the expression: (4 + 7) x 3 + (5 - 2) x 17 = ?
What is 84
A facility that processes crude oil into various products
What is a Refinery
ICP-OES works by exciting atoms in a sample with a plasma, and then measuring the ______ emitted by those atoms as they return to their ground state.
What is light
How much water should be added to 500 mL of a 2.4 M KCl solution to make a 1.0 M solution?
What is 700 mL of Water
I am the internal standard for the ICP
What is Yttrium
Adding a known amount of the analyte (the element you are trying to measure) to a sample and then measuring the recovery of that added amount is known as _________
What is Spiking
10 mL = ______ L
What is 0.1 L
________ is usually the largest concentration of cation in produced water.
What is Sodium (Na+)
These two cations are usually byproducts from corrosion of steel. Their concentrations in water are directly proportional to the corrosion rate.
What are Iron (Fe+2) and Manganese (Mn+2)
Corrosion Rate is expressed as ___ ___ ___
What is mils per year (MPY)
A measure of the pore space in a rock, indicating its capacity to hold fluids
What is Porosity
An ICP-OES ________ uses a stream of high velocity argon gas to break up the liquid sample and produce fine aerosol
What is a Nebulizer
If you dilute 175 mL of a 1.6 ppm solution of LiCl to 1.0 L, determine the new concentration of the solution.
What is 0.28 ppm
ICP-OES works by introducing a sample into what kind of high-temperature plasma?
What is Argon Plasma
% _______ = ((spiked sample result - Un-spiked sample result) / Known spike added concentration) *100%
What is % Recovery
1% = _______ ppm
What is 10,000 ppm
________ & ________ are usually byproducts from corrosion of steel.
What are Iron (Fe+2) and Manganese (Mn+2)
The curved surface at the top of a liquid is called?
What is a meniscus
The amount of time a material stays in a vessel (tank, pipe, tubing, etc); Usually measured in hours (sometimes in days)?
What is Retention Time
In the context of oil and gas _____ refers to the concentration of dissolved substances, primarily minerals and salts, in produced water from oil and gas extraction
What is Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
In ICP-OES, the ______ serves as the core component for generating the high-temperature plasma that atomizes and excites the sample, enabling elemental analysis - typically made of quartz
What is a Torch
How many milliliters of 10.0 M HCl can be made by diluting 250 mL of 10 M HCl?
What is 1.25 mL
ICP-OES detects molecules or atoms or both
What are atoms
I have 10 mL of an unspiked sample result of 5 ppm. I want to spike the 5 ppm sample with a 10 ppm standard. How many mL of the 10 ppm spike solution will I need?
What is 5 mL
How many Liters are required to make a 10 ppm solution with 40 mL of a 5 ppm solution
M1 = 5 ppm; V1 = 40 mL; M2 = 10 ppm; V2 = x
X = 0.02 L
TDS stands for _____ _____ _____
What is Total Dissolved Solids (the amount of dissovled material in a volume of water)
a chemical compound added to fluids (like oil, gas, or water) to slow down or prevent corrosion of metal components. They work by creating a protective barrier on the metal surface or by neutralizing corrosive agents
What is a Corrosion Inhibitor
A customer has 5,000 gal of 2% HCl in tanks from a previous job and wants to mix it with 17,000 gal of 15% HCl to use in the next job. He wants to know what the final concentration of HCl will be.
What is 12.2%
A mixture of oil and water that are typically immiscible but become suspended within each other due to various factors, forming a stable or semi-stable mixture
What is an Emulsion
The heat from an argon plasma operates at _______ kelvin
10,000 kelvin
A nitrate analysis method has a spike and recovery test. A 25 microliter spike of a 2000 mg/L nitrate solution is added to a 50.0 mL water sample. What is the concentration of the added nitrate in the water sample?
What is 0.9995 mg/L