Immunity
I am typically elevated when you have a viral infection, like Covid or the flu
Lymphocytes
What are the 3 Ps of diabetic ketoacidosis
Polyuria (excessive urination), polyphagia (excessive hunger), polydipsia (extreme thirst)
I am a plasma cell cancer that forms masses in the bone marrow leading to bone death
I produce high amounts of M protein, Bence Jones proteins and extreme amounts of Igs
Multiple myeloma
What is normal intracranial pressure?
5-15 mmHg
Explain the difference between pulmonary edema and pleural effusion
Pulmonary edema is the collection of fluid within the lung, pleural effusion is the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
You just received your annual flu shot, your body is now doing what kind of immunity
Active passive immunity
Your own immune system is creating the antibodies against the antigen, but you are not encountering it "in the wild" so it is active passive immunity
What is the difference between neurogenic and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
Neurogenic: Problem in the hypothalamus or posterior pituitary leading to insufficient secretion of ADH
Nephrogenic: Inadequate response of the renal tubules to ADH
DI: Insufficiency to ADH activity (body is not retaining fluid)
I am an autoimmune disease that attacks clotting factors VIII, IX and XI, I lead to impaired clotting and I am more common in males
Hemophilia
I am thought to be caused by the following complications neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid/senile plaques cause neuron death and atrophy
Alzeheimers
I can be caused by trauma, DIC, smoke inhalation, and high inflammation, causing acute injury to the alveolocapillary membrane leading to massive pulmonary inflammation, edema, V/Q mismatch and hypoxemia
ARDS (Acute respiratory distress syndrome)
Has an extremely high mortality rate and is a medical emergency, typically non responsive to oxygen therapy
Name the 4 ways antibodies work
Define thyroid storm
Increased action of thyroid hormones to exceed metabolic demands, it is a dangerous crisis that requires immediate intervention
I am an anemia caused by high concentrations of iron deposits in RBCs, making it that the body cannot utilize it, I manifest as bronze skin, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly and hemochromatosis
Sideroblastic anemia
I am diagnosed by a tensilon test, and I manifest with drooping of the eyelid, and weakness that gets worse with activity
Myasthenia gravis
I am characterized by the hypersecretion of mucus and chronic cough for at least 3 months of the year for 2 years, symptoms are typically caused by inspired irritants
COPD: Type Chronic bronchitis
I am the primary antibody in the secretory immune system
IgA
What is the somogyi effect?
Low blood glucose level during the night that leads to morning rise in blood glucose level
I am a cancer that progresses from lymph node to lymph node and I am idiopathic triggering but possibly by EBV and manifest at first by large, but painless lymph nodes
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Brain/brainstem herniation
I am caused by chronic inflammation that breaks down the elastin and connective tissue in the lungs to breakdown, leading to collapse of the airways during expiration, the changes in lung tissue causes obstruction
COPD: Type Emphysema
With first exposure to an infections organism, the primary response of the body is to release ____ and then ____
IgM, IgG
What is the name of the condition characterized by low levels of cortisol?
Addison disease
Primary adrenal insufficiency, manifests as weakness, fatigue, hyperpigmentation of the skin, N/V/D
I am an immune reaction to a specific blood thinning medication, I attach to the medication which leads to increased clotting risk and lowered platelets
Come on...
Note if the following vital signs will be increased or decreased, or irregular with increased ICP
HR, BP, LOC, respirations
I am categorized by decreased lung compliance, making you put in more work to inhale and cause increased work of breathing. I can be caused by aspiration, atelectasis, pulmonary edema, and ARDS