Aging Process & Older Adult
What is the term for age-related changes in body systems?
Gerontologic changes
What is the leading cause of injury in older adults?
Falls
What is osteoporosis?
A condition where bones become weak and brittle
Define rehabilitation.
Process of restoring function and independence after illness/injury
What is the purpose of range-of-motion exercises?
Maintain joint mobility and prevent contractures
What happens to skin elasticity as people age?
It decreases, leading to wrinkles and fragility
Name one home safety modification to reduce fall risk.
reduce fall risk.Remove loose rugs, add grab bars, improve lighting
What are common signs of arthritis?
Joint pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility
What is the nurse’s role in promoting independence?
Encourage self-care within ability and provide support
When should a nurse use a gait belt?
When assisting a patient with ambulation
What sensory changes increase the risk for injury in older adults?
Decreased vision, hearing, taste, and touch
What should an LVN do first if a patient begins to fall?
Guide them safely to the floor
What is the main cause of fractures in older adults?
Falls related to bone fragility and balance issues
What assistive device helps older adults with poor balance?
Cane, walker, or grab bars
What is the correct way to use a walker?
Move walker forward, step with weak leg first, then strong leg
Why do older adults have a higher risk for dehydration?
Decreased thirst sensation and kidney function
Which assessment finding increases fall risk?
Unsteady gait, confusion, history of falls, muscle weakness
What is kyphosis?
Forward rounding of the upper spine (“hunchback”)
What are signs of impaired mobility?
Weakness, unsteady gait, joint stiffness, decreased range of motion
Why is repositioning important for immobile patients?
Prevents pressure injuries and promotes circulation
What are two key nursing considerations for medication administration in older adults?
Slower metabolism and excretion—monitor for toxicity and side effects
What nursing intervention can prevent orthostatic hypotension in older adults?
Encourage slow position changes and dangle before standing
What dietary nutrients are most important for bone health?
Calcium and vitamin D
How does exercise benefit older adults?
Improves strength, balance, and reduces fall risk
What assessment should be done before applying a splint or cast?
Check circulation, sensation, and movement (CMS check)