Antiviral Basics & Mechanisms
Do antivirals kill viruses or slow them?
What is virustatic (they do NOT kill viruses)?
Route of zanamivir
What is inhalation?
What antiretrovirals do
What is interfere with viral replication?
Major risk of ribavirin
What is teratogenicity?
Pregnant nurse assigned to ribavirin patient—action
What is refuse assignment (teratogenic risk)?
Three main ways antivirals work
What are block entry, inhibit replication, support immune response?
Three neuraminidase inhibitors
What are oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir?
What happens if ART is not taken consistently
What is drug resistance and disease progression?
Key assessment before adefovir
What is check liver function (jaundice, enzymes)?
Patient taking acyclovir reports milk allergy—action
What is hold drug and notify provider?
Difference between viruses and retroviruses
What is retroviruses insert genetic material into host DNA?
How neuraminidase inhibitors work
What is prevent virus release from infected cells?
Why ART is given during pregnancy
What is reduce fetal transmission (30% → ~8%)?
Serious reaction to efavirenz
What is rash, fever, blisters → STOP drug?
HIV patient skipping doses because “too many pills”—response
What is educate on strict adherence to prevent resistance?
Purpose of antiretroviral therapy (ART)
What is slow HIV progression and replication?
Only drug used for RSV
What is ribavirin?
Protease inhibitors mechanism
What is prevent viral protein activation → no viral release?
What severe abdominal pain radiating to the back may indicate in ART
What is pancreatitis (medical emergency)?
Patient on enfuvirtide reports numb fingers—action
What is expected neuropathy → implement safety precautions?
Why HIV cannot be cured
What is virus integrates into host DNA permanently?
When flu antivirals are MOST effective
What is within 48 hours of symptom onset?
Definition of opportunistic infection
What is infection due to weakened immune system?
Why liver enzymes are monitored in ART
What is risk of hepatotoxicity?
Patient on atazanavir has low pulse—action
What is report to provider (risk of heart block)?