Blueprint Basics
This keyword is used in Java to instantiate a new object from a class blueprint.
What is new?
This fundamental OOP feature allows a new child class to derive properties and methods from an existing parent class.
What is Inheritance?
This special method is used to initialize the state of an object and must share the exact same name as the class itself.
What is a Constructor?
This primitive data type is the one to choose when you only need to store a simple true or false condition.
What is a boolean?
UML stands for this standardized modeling language used to visualize the design of a system.
What is Unified Modeling Language?
This is the term for a specific instance of a class that actually consumes memory space when your program runs.
What is an object?
To achieve true encapsulation, you should make your instance variables private and provide these two types of public methods to access and modify them.
What are getter and setter methods (or accessors and mutators)?
A variable declared strictly within a method or block that gets destroyed when the method finishes executing is known as this.
What is a local variable?
This standard data structure holds a fixed number of values of a single type, and its size cannot be changed once it is created.
What is an array?
In a UML class diagram, a minus sign (-) placed next to an attribute denotes this access modifier.
What is private?
When passing parameters, passing a primitive data type creates a copy, but passing an object passes this, meaning changes inside the method affect the original object.
What is a reference (or memory address)?
Translating to "many forms," this concept allows different objects to respond to the exact same method call in their own specific way.
What is Polymorphism?
A method's signature in Java is defined strictly by the method's name and this.
What is the parameter list?
While primitive data types hold the actual data value directly, reference types (like Arrays and Strings) hold this, which points to where the data actually lives.
What is a memory address (or reference/pointer)?
In modern programming, this character encoding standard replaced ASCII because it can support and represent most of the world's international languages.
What is Unicode?
It is crucial to minimize this between objects to create loosely coupled systems, preventing a "ripple effect" of bugs when making code changes.
What are dependencies?
Dynamic (runtime) polymorphism occurs when a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by its parent class. This is known as method ________.
What is Overriding?
Applying this keyword to a variable means that the variable belongs to the class itself, and all instantiated objects will share the same exact copy of it.
What is static?
If a method performs an action but does not send any data back to the code that called it, its return type must be declared using this keyword.
What is void?
In Java, String objects are described by this term, meaning their internal sequence of characters cannot be changed once they are created in memory.
What is immutable?
While an "IS-A" relationship describes Inheritance, a "HAS-A" relationship describes this concept (for example, a Car "has an" Engine).
What is Aggregation (or Composition)?
Static (compile-time) polymorphism occurs when multiple methods in the same class share the same name, but differ in this specific way.
What are their parameters (or method signatures)?
If an access modifier is intentionally left blank in Java, it defaults to this level of visibility.
What is default (or package-private)?
Programmers often rely on these collections of pre-written classes and objects (like java.util or java.lang) because they promote code reusability and drastically reduce development time.
What are libraries (or object libraries / APIs)?
By acknowledging the work of other programmers and safely distributing software where the original code is freely available to modify, you are engaging with this type of software model.
What is Open Source?