OPPANG
Name the 3 non physiological causes of menopause
surgical
chemotherapy
radiation
Oestrogen has a osteoprotective effect due to inhibition of what?
Osteoclast activity
What is Procidentia?
Complete Uterine Prolapse
BLADDER NECK DROPS BELOW PELVIC FLOOR SO PRESSURE FROM ABDO NO LONGER KEEPS THE SPHINCTER SHUT ETC ETC
Transvaginal ULTRASOUND WOOOOOOO
What hormones are increased in menopause
FSH % LH
Menopause carries an increased risk of what neurological condition?
Alzheimers
What type of prolapse occurs in the anteror vaginal compartment?
Cystocele
Urge urinary incontinents
THE COOC PILL HAS A PROTECTIVE EFFECT FOR WHICH CANCER
ENDOMETRIALLLLLLLLL AND OVARIAN
Why is progesterone given in post-menopausal HRT?
To prevent endometrial hyperplasia/cancer. Progesterone stops the proliferative phase of the endometrium.
Hot Flushes in menopause are due to what?
Increased Hypothalamic Noradrenergic activity
Vault eversion is a complication of what procedure?
Hysterectomy
What is Ehler-Danlos syndrome, and is a risk factor for what?
Collagen abnormality, Pelvic Organ Prolapse
A GENITOURINARY FISTULA WOULD RESULT IN WHAT SHORT TERM QOL ISSUE RAHHHH
INCONTINENCE
Gimmee 3 counterindications to post-menopausal HRT
Family history of breast/uterine cancer
History of VTE
Uterine Fibroids
Liver/gallbladder diseas
Undiagnosed Vaginal Bleeding
Abnormal cytology in an hrHPV test leads to what referral?
Colposcopy
Adenocarcinoma comprises what % of cervical cancers?
20-30%
Lichen Sclerosis is a histological pattern for what
Keratinizing Vulval Squamous Carcinoma
What is the most common type of squamous cervical carcinoma?
Keratinizing
Level 2 of the uterine support is made up of what?
65yo female patient presents with a 2 day history of lower back pain which eases on lying down, constipation, dyspareunia, and a vulval swelling. Diagnosis?
Enterocele
56yo patient with a history of pancreatic cancer pulls up the the A&E with a 3 week history of pelvic pain, bloating, dyspareunia, and vaginal bleeding. Diagnosis?
Krukenberg Tumour
Offensive Discharge occurs in what condition?
Purulent Discharge is a sign of what typa cervical cancer?????
Ulcerative tumour