Look Me in the Eyes
The iris, ciliary body, and choroid.
What are the components of the uvea?
Opacity of the lens that can cause partial or total blindness. The leading cause of blindness in the world.
What is a cataract?
A autoimmune condition that causes proptosis of the eyes. In severe cases, you can get decreased extra ocular movements and incomplete closure of the eye.
What is thyroid eye disease/Graves' orbitopathy?
Tears travel from your eye drainage system to your nasal cavity through this main structure. This is why you start to sniffle when you are crying.
What is the nasolacrimal duct?
A symptom that almost almost always accompanies allergic conjunctivitis as well as viral conjunctivitis to a lesser degree.
What is itchiness?
This structure is made up of a bulbar portion and a tarsal portion.
What is the conjunctiva?
A measurement used to describe how the optic nerve appears on fundoscopy. This is especially important in glaucoma.
What is the cup-to-disc ratio?
The most effective prevention for diabetic retinopathy.
What is blood sugar control?
A warm compress is the best treatment for this ocular condition.
What is blepharitis?
The most common pathogen seen/suspected with contact lens wearers presenting with red eye.
What is pseudomonas aeruginosa?
An important anatomical landmark that forms a barrier that protects against diseases or superficial skin infections from spreading into the orbit.
What is the orbital septum?
When the retina is pulled it causes this symptom commonly seen in retinal detachment.
What are flashes?
A vasculitis affecting medium and large-sized vessels. Key symptoms include temporal headache, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication, and acute vision loss.
What is giant cell arteritis?
Inflammation of the lacrimal sac secondary to nasolacrimal duct obstruction. This causes extreme pain, tenderness, and tearing.
What is dacrocystitis?
This infection reveals a dendritic pattern with terminal bulbs on the cornea (when looked at with a cobalt blue light).
What is herpes simplex virus?
Photoreceptors found in high concentration within the macula compared to the rest of the retina.
What are cones?
A transient loss of vision in one or both eyes.
What is amaurosis fugax?
The most common ocular complication associated with multiple sclerosis.
What is optic neuritis?
Blinking transfers tears from the lacrimal gland on the temporal side of the eye to these medial structures.
What are the puncta?
This causes a patient to present to emerg with a painful red eye, and linear scratches on their cornea (under cobalt blue light).
What is a foreign body?
A muscle responsible for "down and out" gaze that is innervated by the trochlear nerve.
What is the superior oblique muscle?
This is an immediate ophthalmological medical emergency. Patients come in with flashes, floaters, a curtain defect and no change in vision.
What is macula-on retinal detachment?
Systemic diseases heavily associated with uveitis (Name at least one).
What is ankylosing spondylitis/rheumatoid arthritis/psoriatic arthritis?
When your eye is dry/irritated, the lacrimal glands will secrete extra tears which actually dilute the tear film. Dry eye drops are used to help restore the lipid layer of the tear film produced by the _____.
What are the meibomian glands?
One condition blanches with phenylephrine, while the other does not. This is a common way to distinguish the two conditions.
What is the clinical difference between episcleritis and scleritis?