Endogenous Opioids/Types of Receptors & Effects
3 receptors that are activated by different opioids.
What are mu, kappa, and delta?
These semi-synthetics have no active metabolites.
What are oxycodone and hydromorphone?
Mixed opioid receptor agonists-antagonists can be considered more beneficial than full agonists in these two ways.
What is produce less respiratory depression and have lower abuse potential?
3 adverse drug interactions.
Amanda robs the local hospital's heroin supply. She went to jail, but after getting out and opioid detoxification is complete her doctor decides to put her on this drug.
What is naltrexone?
Miosis is an effect of these opioid receptors.
What are mu and kappa?
Meperidine, methadone, morphine, hydromorphone, and fentanyl have this in common.
What is high efficacy?
Naloxone has a _____ duration of action and ______ onset of action.
What are short; immediate?
The analgesic dose of opioids is _____ than the antitussive dose.
What is higher?
A stranger gives Greg a mix of drugs on the streets of Philadelphia. He is found passed out on a park bench and taken by an ambulance to the hospital. They gave him naloxone, which didn't work due to this drug being in his system.
What is xylazine?
NO tolerance is a key component of this pharmacological effects of opioids.
What is constipation?
What is tramadol?
These two drugs (one antagonist and one mixed agonist-antagonist) can be used to treat opioid use disorder.
What are naltrexone and buprenorphine?
This opioid is effective in relieving the dyspnea from pulmonary edema.
What is morphine?
This mu receptor agonist was provided to Varenya for moderate-severe pain after falling down a flight of stairs. The analgesic caused tachycardia, but had little effect on GI, pupil, and cough reflex. Varenya has also been experiencing tremors and seizures since taking this drug.
What is meperidine?
In relation to cardiovascular effects, peripheral vasodilation is a result of _______.
What is histamine release?
Meperidine is a ____ receptor agonist and also has _________ properties.
What is mu; antimuscarinic?
Pentazocine is a mixed agonist-antagonist for these receptors.
What are kappa (agonist) and mu (weak antagonist)?
Co-administration of MAO inhibitors (also SSRIs) and this opioid can result in excitation, rigidity, hypertension, and sometimes death.
What is meperidine?
Kevin has HIV and his doctor put him on HIV protease inhibitors (potent 3A4 inhibitors). These inhibitors can result in substantial increases in plasma concentrations of this analgesic.
What is buprenorphine?
Analgesia, sedation, miosis, diuresis, dysphoria, and psychomimetic effects are characteristic of the opioid receptor that this endogenous opioid peptide has a high affinity for.
What is dynorphin?
(kappa receptors)
The synthetic analgesic that can be used to treat opioid use disorder is an _____ receptor antagonist and can be related to morphine in these two ways.
What is NMDA; equipotent and greater oral efficacy?
METHODONE
Pentazocine is metabolized by _______.
MAO inhibitors have adverse reactions with the following drugs.
What are tramadol, tapentadol, methadone, and meperidine?
After her recent operation, Hannah is given an analgesic for mild-moderate pain. While she isn't feeling any effects relating to nausea, her heart rate and blood pressure skyrocketed. The high dose her provider prescribed also resulted in psychotomimetic effects. Hannah was likely given this analgesic.
What is pentazocine?