Nicotine
Nicotines MOA
Stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain to release dopamine and epinephrine causing vasoconstriction
Common side effects of opioids
-Constipation / dry mouth / pin point pupils / orthostatic hypotension / bradycardia / tachycardia / seizures
What do NSAIDS treat?
-Fever
-Mild-moderate pain
-Reduce inflammation
In the video for exam 2 about smoking being more of an emotionally compulsive habit, what 3 dietary factors that result from the "withdrawal"?
1. Caffeine overdose
2. Hypoglycemia
3. Dehydration
This antagonists therapeutic use is responsible for reversal of CNS depression and respiratory depression during suspected opioid overdose
Narcan/Naloxone
What are some withdrawal symptoms of nicotine?
-cravings / nervousness / restlessness / irritability / impatience / impatience / increased hostility / insomnia / impaired concentration / weight gain
Name important nursing interventions the nurse should do when a pt has taken an opioid
-monitor I&O; O at least 600mL/d
-Check bowel sounds if not voided / increase fiber / try to administer laxative after 3 days of not voiding
-check pupils
-have opioid antagonist available
Name the 5 NSAIDS we need to know for exam 2
Don't forget the mnemonic ;)
Advil/Ibuprofen
Aleve/Naproxen
Toradol/Ketorolac
Indocin/Indomethacin
Celebrex/Celecoxib
This antidepressant medication can also be used to treat smoking cessation
Wellbutrin/Bupropion
Risk factors FOR smoking
-socioeconomic status
-lack of engagement in school, religious, and other activities
What scale of pain does oxycodone treat?
Moderate>severe
What are some major side effects of NSAIDS
-GI ulcers (reduces the protectie mucosal lining in our gut walls leaving them more susceptible to damage from stomach acid) /abdominal pain /bloody stool / increased chance of bleeding / bronchospasms /nephrotoxicity (reduces blood flow to the kidneys) /fluid retention
What are the symptoms of marijuana psychosis?
-suspicousness
-sense of grandiosity
This type of nicotine AGONIST should be taken with a full glass of water, and selectively binds to the alpha4beta2 nicotinic ach receptors preventing the binding of nicotine to receptors
Varenicline
Risk factors FROM smoking
-lung cancer / COPD / Coronary heart disease / graves disease / early menopause / dysmenorrhea / impotence / osteoporosis / discolored teeth and fingernails /premature aging / wrinkling / reduced sense of smell and taste / stroke
What scale of pain does Dilaudid/hydromorphone treat?
moderate>severe pain
What is some important patient teaching for NSAIDS?
-Don't take with acetaminophen / at the same time as aspirin / take with food and full glass of water / GI distress
This antagonists MOA is responsible for competitively blocking the effects of opioids including CNS depression w/o opioid like effects and also helps manage alcohol dependency
Vivitrol/Naltrexone
How do you determine pack-year?
You multiply the number of packs you smoke per day by the number of years you have smoked
Examples:
“One pack-year” is smoking 20 cigarettes a day for one year.
If someone has smoked 10 cigarettes a day for 6 years they would have a 3 pack-year history.
Someone who has smoked 40 cigarettes (2 packs) daily for 20 years has a 40 pack-year history.
NSAIDS MOA
Inhibits COX1 and COX2 by blocking arachidonate binding
MULTIPLE QUESTION
1. This type of smoking deterrent can be used orally or transdermally
2. What are some important side effects of them?
1: Nicorette/ Gum and patches
2: Tachycardia / chest pain / hypertension / headaches