Background & Context
After which war did Czechoslovakia fall under Soviet influence?
What is World War II?
Which group protested against censorship and one-party rule?
Who are students and intellectuals?
Who became leader of Czechoslovakia in January 1968?
Who is Alexander Dubček?
Which Soviet leader was alarmed by the Prague Spring?
Who is Leonid Brezhnev?
Who replaced Dubček as leader in 1969?
Who is Gustáv Husák?
In which year did the Communist Party seize power in Czechoslovakia?
What is 1948?
Name one prominent writer who opposed the regime.
Who is Ludvík Vaculík (or Jan Beneš / Ivan Klíma)?
What was Dubček’s famous slogan for reform?
What is “Socialism with a human face”?
When did the Warsaw Pact invasion occur?
What is August 20–21, 1968?
What campaign reimposed censorship and Communist control?
What is “Normalization”?
What economic plan did the Soviets block Czechoslovakia from joining?
What is the Marshall Plan?
What event in 1966 became a symbol of youth protest?
What is the Majáles student festival?
What April 1968 policy document outlined key reforms?
What is the Action Program?
Approximately how many Warsaw Pact troops invaded Czechoslovakia?
What is about 200,000?
Which student’s self-immolation became a symbol of resistance?
Who is Jan Palach?
Name the hardline Communist leader in power before 1968.
Who is Antonín Novotný?
Who led the push for market-style “mixed economy” reforms?
Who is Ota Šik?
What document by Ludvík Vaculík called for citizens to defend reforms?
What is the “Two Thousand Words” manifesto?
What doctrine justified the USSR’s right to intervene in other socialist countries?
What is the Brezhnev Doctrine?
What 1977 human-rights movement drew inspiration from the Prague Spring?
What is Charter 77?
What major issue characterized Czechoslovakia’s economy by the 1960s?
What is economic stagnation?
Which region demanded more autonomy, weakening Novotný’s support?
What is Slovakia?
What major reform gave Slovakia equal status with the Czech lands?
What is federalization?
How did Czechs and Slovaks resist the invasion without violence?
What is removing road signs and passive resistance?
What 1989 revolution finally ended Communist rule in Czechoslovakia?
What is the Velvet Revolution?