Variants of normal
common anatomical or physiological variation that does not indicate disease or impairment but rather falls within the range of typical human characteristics
what is variant of normal
developmentally anomaly when thyroid tissue either does not descend or remnants become trapped in the tissue that makes up the tongue
lingual thyroid
clusters of ectopic sebaceous glands, more than 80% of people over age 20 have
What is fordyce granules
central papillary atrophy may be associated with chronic canidida albicans, clinically appears as flat or slightly raised, oval or rectangular erythematous area in the midline of the dorsal aspect of the tongue, it is devoid of filiform papillae so its texture is smooth
what is median rhomboid glossitis
generalized opalescence on the buccal mucosa- stretching the mucosa it will disappear
what is leukoedema
anterior 2/3 of the dorsal and lateral borders of the tongue, diffuse areas devoid of filiform papillae with erythematous patches surrounded by a white or yellow perimeter. Does not remain static!
Erythema migrans (geographic tongue)
a sessile papule found on the gingival margin on the lingual aspect of the mandibular cuspids, clinically often resembling a squamous papilloma in appearance and resolve with age
What is retrocuspid papilla
dorsal surface of the tongue appears to have a deep fissures or grooves from 2-6 mm that may become irritated if food debris collects in them
What is fissured tongue
prominent lingual veins usually observed on the ventral and lateral aspects of the tongue most commonly observed in individuals older than 60 years old
what is lingual varicosities
condition where a patient has an increased accumulation of keratin on the filiform papillae that results in a "hairy" appearance