Oral Bacteria/Periodontitis
True/False: Gum disease can be contagious
Periodontitis is an inflammatory response to bacteria under the gums and the oral bacteria related to periodontitis can be spread through saliva which can be transmitted through sharing utensils, oral care products, kissing, etc. and can lead to findings like increased cavities.
Diabetes and periodontitis have a bi-directional relationship in which one affects the other
True
False
Chronic infections such as periodontitis lead to exacerbated & dysregulated inflammatory responses; contributing to poor blood sugar metabolic control and increased insulin requirements (1) Those with severe diabetes present with increased attachment and bone loss, and increased susceptibility to periodontal infection and poor wound healing
Oral bacteria can enter the bloodstream and can increase risk of heart attack and stroke
True
False
Oral bacteria enters the bloodstream and can increase risk of blockages and blood clots (5)
Medications can directly or indirectly affect oral health
True
False
Medications can be associated with intraoral findings such as xerostomia, gingival hyperplasia, etc. (4)
Good oral health can increase self-esteem and increase social interactions; increase the quality of life
True
False
practicing good oral health can increase the quality of life by increasing confidence and self-esteem. Good oral hygiene can reduce risk and incidence of caries, leading to decreased need for restorations, gingival health, and more functional occlusion
What is the estimated number of people affected by oral diseases?
a.) 3 million
b.) 1 million
c.) 2 billion
s.) 3.5 billion
d.) 3.5 billion.
untreated tooth decay in permanent teeth is the most common oral disease (3)
Infections, including oral infections can affect a client with diabetes in which way? (select all that apply)
a.) Disturb glycemic control
b.) Lead to ketoacidosis
c.) Lead to diabetic coma
d.) Infections do not affect diabetes
a-c.
Infections can disturb glycemic control which lead to ketoacidosis and diabetic coma. Those with poorly controlled diabetes has impaired resistance to infection which is why it is critical to prevent oral disease & infections and why it's also critical to control diabetes to prevent aggravating oral disease status. (4)
Periodontal disease can increase the risk of heart disease by:
a.) 15%
b.) 25%
c.) 35%
d.) 45%
b.) 25%.
Clients are at high risk for infectious endocarditis during dental procedures that can induce bleeding. Oral bacteria in the bloodstream can also increase risk of blockages and blood clots. How to manage: ensure regular teeth cleaning to reduce microbial load & DH treatment to maintain periodontal health (3,5)
Patients with periodontitis are 3x more likely to develop nosocial pneumonia than those without periodontitis.
True
False
True.
Nosocomial infections are acquired while receiving health care that was not present upon admission in healthcare facilities eg: hospitals, long term care facilities. Multiple oral pathogens are implicated in lung infections.
Aspiration pneumonia is the leading cause of death from infections in long-term care residents (1)
Poor oral health can be associated with malnutrition
True
False
True.
Poor oral health can lead to reduced chewing ability from malfunction of dentition or pain which can lead to malnutrition or compromised eating habits (3)
What percentage of older adults (65 years or older) have gum disease?
a.) 58%
b.) 43%
c.) 32%
d.) 68%
2 in 3 adults (68%)
Select all potential oral complications of clients with diabetes
a.) Xerostomia (dry mouth)
b.) Increased cavities
c.) Tooth mobility
d.) Gingval bleeding
e.) Slow healing
All are potential oral complications of those with diabetes (4)
Which of the following oral pathogens induce platelet aggregation that contribute to cardiovascular disease?
a.) A. Actinomycetemcomitans
b.) T. forsythia
c.) F. nucleatum
d.) P. gingivalis
d.) P. gingivalis
many periodontal pathogens contribute to these conditions but only P. gingivalis contributes to platelet aggregation (1,5)
Periodontal pathogens such as P. gingivalis CANNOT enter the blood-brain-barrier, therefore it can not be a cause of inflammation that could lead to dementia
True
False
False
According to more recent research, the BBB that was once though to be impermeable is permeable by periodontal pathogens such as P. gingivalis which could be a potential source of inflammation that can lead to dementia (3)
Which of the following is NOT a contributor to increased susceptibility to periodontal disease?
a.) Stress
b.) Gender
c.) Race
d.) Good oral health
e.) Depression
d. good oral health
Stress is associated with depression of the immune system and studies suggest a link between stress and poor coping skills with periodontal disease. Financial and psychological stress is a risk factor for periodontal disease
Race and male gender report significalty more bone loss. Mexican Americans have the highest rate of periodontitis, followed by African americans -- this increase in prevalence and susceptibility may also be linked to socioeconomic factors (4)