Who determined that the orbits of the planets are ellipses, which sweep out equal areas in equal time?
Johannes Kepler
100
The two body equation focuses only on these three things, and ignores all other perturbations.
The satellite, the object it orbits, and gravity
100
The equation for linear momentum is a product of _______ and ______.
Mass and velocity
100
Where are apogee and perigee?
Apogee is the spacecraft's furthest point from the earth, perigee is the closest point to the earth in a spacecraft's orbit
100
This is a special type of Low Earth Orbit which allows a satellite to pass over the same spot on earth at the same time each day, with the same sun/earth angle.
Sun synchronous
200
Kepler's third law of motion states that the greater the __________, the longer the orbital period.
Distance between the two bodies
200
What is our main reference system for orbital mechanics purposes?
The Intertial Geocentric-Equatorial Coordinate System
200
Explain the difference between potential and kinetic energy
Potential energy is energy an object has based on its position, kinetic energy is energy an object has based on its motion.
200
Which orbital characteristic determines whether an orbit is prograde or retrograde?
Inclination
200
Three satellites in this type of orbit can provide full earth coverage except for latitudes greater than 81 degrees
GEO
300
What is Newton's first law of motion?
A body at rest continues in a state of rest unless compelled to change that state by an outside force.
300
In our coordinate system for orbital mechanics purposes, what is the principle direction?
Vernal Equinox or First Point of Aries
300
Explain the difference between mass and weight?
Mass is how much matter is contained in an object, weight is the mass plus the influence of gravity
300
How is Right Ascension of the Ascending Node measured?
From the vernal equinox to the ascending node
300
In which scenario would there be no launch opportunities for a launch site and specific mission?
If the orbital inclination is less than the launch site latitude
400
What is Newton's third law of motion?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
400
This is a value commonly used in orbital mechanics calculations which remains constant, no matter which orbit is used.
Earth's gravitational parameter
400
The equation for angular momentum is a product of what two pieces of information?
Moment of intertia and angular velocity vector
400
What are the numeric values of each of the conic sections?
Circle-0, Ellipse- 0 to 1, Parabola-1, Hyperbola- Greater than 1
400
If the launch site latitude is less than the orbital inclincation, how many launch opportunities will there be, and where in the orbit would they be?
Two, the ascending and descending nodes.
500
What pieces of information would an astromer need to know in order to use Newton's law of universal gravitation to calculate the force of gravity between two bodies?
The mass of the two bodies and the distance between them
500
Describe where I, J, and K are located in our coordinate system
K is at the North Pole, I points towards the Principle Direction, and J is 90 degrees from I.
500
What five things will all coordinate systems have?
Origin, Fundamental plane, Priciple direction, First axis, Third axis
500
Name all 6 of the COE's
Semi-major axis, eccentricity, inclination, RAAN, Argument of Perigee, True Anomaly