Leadership
The Dark Triad of Leadership
Narcissism, Psychopathy, Machievialinism
Criteria for a membership in a group
Multiple members, unit perception, rewards, common goals
Organization development is
The process of improving organizational performance by making organization-wide, rather than individual, changes
The General Dependency Postulate
When you possess anything others require but that you alone control, you make them dependent upon you and, therefore, you gain power over them.
Social loafing
Tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than working individually
Theory X vs. Theory Y
Theory X: Managers believe employees are inherently lazy, dislike work, and will avoid it if possible. This leads to a style of control, coercion, and threats.
Theory Y: Managers believe employees are self-directed, seek responsibility, and find work as natural as play. This leads to empowerment and trust.
Main difference between Ohio State University and University of Michigan studies in the way that they view leadership behavior dimensions
Unlike the Ohio State studies which viewed dimensions as independent, Michigan researchers initially conceptualized these as opposite ends of a single continuum.
Group cohesiveness
Glue that holds a group together. It represents the extent to which group members like and trust one another, are committed to the group's goals, and desire to remain in the group.
What is Lewin's Three-Step Model?
Unfreezing -> Changing -> Refreezing
Fiedler's Contingency Theory
A leader's style is fixed and trait-like. Effectiveness depends on the "match" between the leader's style and the degree to which the situation gives control and influence to the leader.
The Tuckman Model of Team development stages
Forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning
What are the four cultural types that we have identified
Clan, hierarchy, adhocracy, market
Vroom-Yetton-Jago Decision Model
This model provides a structured decision tree to help leaders determine the optimal level of subordinate participation based on situational attributes: autocratic, consultative, group
Difference between a mediator and an arbitrator
The mediator has no power to impose a decision; an arbitrator is a neutral third party listens to both sides and makes a final, binding decision.
The focus of the adhocracy culture
Flexibility and external focus