Salas et al.
(2017)
(2017)
Salas et al. synthesized this many domains in their century review.
What is 19?
These are the four stages of the "Full-Cycle" research model.
What are Observation, Theory, Lab Experiment, Field Validation?
According to the authors, this "underappreciated" dimension serves as the keystone for doing research that "expands, stretches, and teaches" the researcher.
What is the relational foundation?
Rousseau argues that as traditional bureaucracies decline, researchers must shift from viewing "organization" as a fixed entity to viewing it as this.
What is process (or organizing)?
While Salas et al. describe the 100-year evolution of the field and Rousseau defines the "New Era," both agree that we must stop viewing organizations as static "entities" and instead study them as this—an active, ongoing social phenomenon.
What is "Organizing" (or Organization as Process)?
The field is shifting toward this type of analysis, which moves beyond just the individual.
What are multilevel (Team/Organizational) systems?
This is the primary trade-off that Full-Cycle research attempts to reconcile.
What is Internal validity (Lab) vs. External realism (Field)?
Dutton and Dukerich identify these 3 specific research domains where the quality of relationships is most consequential.
What are access, participants, and collaborators?
This academic framework is used to explain how employees subjectively interpret "bundles of rewards" in an era of weaker hierarchies and broader spans of control.
What is the psychological contract?
All four articles suggest that looking only at the individual is insufficient. This specific level of analysis—highlighted by Rousseau and Salas et al.—is required to explain how individual "High-Quality Connections" (Dutton & Dukerich) aggregate into team-level effectiveness and firm-level learning.
What is Meso-level analysis?
Name one of the foundational frameworks mentioned for personality or vocational interests.
What is Big Five (Personality) or RIASEC (Interests)?
This individual's social psychology work inspired the "Full-Cycle" term in this article.
Who is Robert Cialdini?
These are the 3 defining characteristics of "High-Quality Connections" (HQCs) that allow research ties to withstand the stress of a project.
What are mutuality, positive regard, and vitality?
This phenomenon occurs when improvements in subunit performance do not translate into overall productivity gains for the firm.
What is the Performance Paradox?
In the "Old Era" (Salas et al.), loyalty and tenure held firms together. In the "New Era," Rousseau argues the glue is transactional; however, Dutton & Dukerich and Chatman & Flynn suggest that for high-level research and diverse teams to actually function, they must return to this specific, non-economic "glue" based on mutual regard and shared expectations.
What are Relational Ties (or Social Capital/High-Quality Connections)?
This is a major gap identified between research and practice in recruitment.
What is the focus on theoretical understanding vs. developing practical techniques?
This is a major disadvantage/roadblock to conducting Full-Cycle research?
What is high resource/time cost for individual researchers?
To build trust with wary Port Authority employees, the researchers utilized this specific "relational practice," which involved admitting they did not have all the answers and sharing their own experiences as commuters.
What is vulnerability?
Rousseau uses this term to describe the cognitive capacity of individuals to switch between routine and non-routine information processing in novel situations.
What is discontinuous information processing (or "shifting the gears")?
This is the common goal of all 4 articles.
What is the improvement of rigor and relevance in OB/org psych research?