Organ Donation
The transplantation of tissues between members of the same species is which type of graft?
a. Autograft
b. Heterograft
c. Xenograft
d. Allograft
d. Allograft
What are major management goals of caring for the donor patient? (SATA)
a. Maintaining a stable hemodynamic status
b. Maintaining infections at a minimum level
c. Maintaining fluid balance
d. Maintaining optimal oxygenation status
e. Maintaining electrolyte balance
a. Maintaining a stable hemodynamic status
c. Maintaining fluid balance
d. Maintaining optimal oxygenation status
e. Maintaining electrolyte balance
A patient is declared brain dead after a serious head injury. His care has involved services of a trauma surgeon, cardiology team, and an intensivist. Consent for donor status has been obtained. Who is in charge of the care of the donor?
a. The trauma surgeon
b. The cardiologist
c. The organ procurement organization coordination
d. The intensivist
c. The organ procurement organization coordination
Where on (in) the cell are HLA antigens located?
a. Surface
b. Nucleus
c. Cytoplasm
d. Mitochondria
a. Surface
What is the term used to describe organ rejection that takes place minutes to hours following transplantation. and results from the presence of preformed graft-specific cytotoxic antibodies?
a. Subacute
b. Acute
c. Hyperacute
d. Chronic
c. Hyperacute
Which term refers specifically to transplantation between identical twins?
a. Isograft
b. Autograft
c. Heterograft
d. Allograft
a. Isograft
What is the most common underlying cause of hypotension in the donor?
a. Depletion of catecholamine stores
b. Cardiac failure
c. Fluid overload
d. Increased systemic vascular resistance
a. Depletion of catecholamine stores
Which statement best describes procedures related to organ recovery in the OR?
a. An anesthesiologist is not necessary
b. The donor's physician is not part of the recovery team
c. Only one organ recovery team can be present in the OR
d. The recipient's physician must be part of the recovery team
b. The donor's physician is not part of the recovery team
The best histocompatibility matching is found between which relatives?
a. Siblings
b. Identical twins
c. Parent and child
d. Fraternal twins
b. Identical twins
Posttransplant patients are at risk for developing which infection, either from being seropositive prior to the transplant or receiving a seropositive organ or blood transfusion?
a. Cytomegalovirus
b. Pneumonia
c. Hepatitis A
d. Wound
a. Cytomegalovirus
Initially segmental (partial) live-organ donations were usually between which two parties?
a. Identical twins
b. Husband and wife
c. Parent and child
d. Human and ape
c. Parent and child
A patient is diagnosed with brain death who develops a coagulopathy may receive which therapy to counteract this problem?
a. Dopamine
b. Fresh frozen plasma
c. Levothyroxine
d. Solu-medrol
b. Fresh frozen plasma
When the donor is brought to the OR for organ recovery, the chart must contain which required documentation? (SATA)
a. Signed OPO release form
b. Signed or recorded consent form
c. Time of death declaration
d. Specification of which organs are to be recovered
e. Date of death declaration
b. Signed or recorded consent form
c. Time of death declaration
e. Date of death declaration
What is the term for the identification of the histocompatibility antigens of both donor and recipient?
a. Crossmatching
b. ABO typing
c. Antigen classification
d. Tissue typing
d. Tissue typing
Posttransplant patients are at increased risk for malignancies secondary to which condition? (SATA)
a. Organ toxicity
b. Persistent viral infections
c. Underlying tissue incompatibility
d. Prolonged immunosuppressant therapy
e. Drug toxicities
b. Persistent viral infections
d. Prolonged immunosuppressant therapy
Which major legislation authorizes the donation of all or part of the human body following death?
a. National Organ Transplant Act
b. Uniform Anatomical Gift Act
c. Uniform Determination of Death Act
d. Omnibus Reconciliation Act
b. Uniform Anatomical Gift Act
Which medication is given to a potential organ donor to delay shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism?
a. Glucose
b. Epinephrine
c. Insulin
d. Levothyroxine
d. Levothyroxine
Which descriptors best represent how recovered organs are preserved for transport? (SATA)
a. Preservation solution
b. Shipped frozen
c. Cold packing
d. Electrolyte solution
e. Warm packing
a. Preservation solution
c. Cold packing
A recipient can become sensitized to foreign HLA antigens in which ways? (SATA)
a. Pregnancy
b. Donating blood
c. Prior organ transplantation
d. Receiving blood transfusions
e. Some medications
a. Pregnancy
c. Prior organ transplantation
d. Receiving blood transfusions
What are some risk factors for posttransplant new-onset diabetes mellitus? (SATA)
a. Older age
b. Low BMI
c. Steroid therapy
d. Female gender
e. Low magnesium levels
a. Older age
c. Steroid therapy
e. Low magnesium levels