Organ System Basics
What are tissues made of?
A group of specialised cells.
Why do we need to digest food?
To get nutrients
What is gas exchange?
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and the environment.
What are the main structures of the circulatory system?
Blood, Heart and Blood vessel.
What happens during digestion in the mouth?
What is a specialised cell?
What is the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion.
Mechanical - physically breaking down food (chewing)
Chemical - Chemically breaking down food with enzyme/acid
Bronchioles, Bronchi, Mouth/Nose, Trachea, Alveoli
Mouth/Nose -> Trachea -> Bronchi -> Bronchioles -> Alveoli
What blood vessel carries blood to the heart?
Veins
What kind of blood enters the superior/inferior vena cava.
De-oxygenated blood.
Order the following from least to most complex.
Organ - Cell - Tissue - Organ system
Cell - tissue - organ - organ system
What is the name of the process that pushes food down the esophagus.
Peristalsis.
What helps move oxygen into the blood
Alveoli
What is the role of the capillaries.
Move nutrients into cells and connects arteries to veins.
Which part of the heart delivers oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.
Aorta
Name the four main tissues found in humans.
Epithelial, Connective, Nerve and Muscle
What are the small finger-like structures in the small intestines called.
Villi
What are the products and by products of Aerobic respiration.
Product: Energy
By product: CO2 and water
What is the function of the pulmonary valve
to regulate blood flow into the lungs
Why is there a wall separating the left and right ventricles.
To make sure oxygenated blood and de-oxygenated blood don't mix.
Explain how each type of tissue work together to make an organ (for example, heart) function.
Each tissue has a different job but work together to make the organ function. E.g.
How would having less villi affect our digestion.
Less nutrients would be absorbed.
What is the role of the diaphragm.
What happens to the diaphragm when you breathe in and out.
To help air move in and out of the lungs.
Breathe in -> move down
Breathe out -> move up
How do the respiratory and circulatory systems work together.
Respiratory system moves oxygen into the body and into the blood. Circulatory system transports the oxygen to cells for aerobic respiration.
Circulatory transports waste back to lungs where it is expelled by the respiratory system.
Why does your breathing rate and heart rate both increase when you excercise.
Muscles need oxygen for aerobic respiration. Breathing rate increases to bring in more oxygen. Heart rate increases to pump blood faster to make sure the oxygen reaches the muscles.
Also so that we can expel CO2 from the body faster.