Digestive
What is the main function of the stomach?
Breaking down food mechanically and chemically
What do white blood cells do?
Fight infection
What kinds of muscles contract when your heart beats?
Cardiac muscles
What structures connect muscles to bone?
Tendons
What is the smallest structure that can be considered living?
The cell
Where does digestion begin?
The mouth
What two gasses do red blood cells transport?
Oxygen and carbon dioxide
What kinds of muscles involuntarily move substances throughout the body?
Smooth muscles
What structures connect bones to other bones?
Ligaments
What do we call the largest structural levels in the human body that contain several organs or other structures working together to perform complex functions?
Organ systems
What is the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach called?
The esophagus
Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
When you decide to move a muscle, what kind of muscle must it be?
Skeletal muscle
What type of tissue is a template for bone development in infancy?
Cartilage
Every cell of an organism contains an identical molecule that serves to provide instructions for every biological function in that organism. What is that molecule called?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Through what structures in the small intestine are nutrients absorbed.
Through the capillaries that line the villi.
Which blood vessels are responsible for gas exchange?
Capillaries
What is the signature way that cardiac muscle cells contract?
In a smooth, wave-like motion
In what type of bone tissue are white blood cells made?
Spongy tissue/bone marrow
What do the ribosomes in the cell build?
What does the liver sort?
Nutrients from toxins
Give three examples of non-cellular substances contained in the blood.
Ex. Plasma, vitamins, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, platelets, salt, etc.
Which of the three types of muscle are responsible for pupil dilation (the change in the size of the pupil)?
Smooth muscles
Name 3 bones in the human body that protect organs, and name the organs that they protect.
Ex. Sternum protects the heart, ribcage protects the lungs, skull protects the brain, spine/vertebrae protect the spinal cord
Name 3 cell structures (organelles) and describe their basic function.
Ex. Mitochondria produce energy, ribosomes build proteins, nuclei hold the DNA, endosomes sort substances entering the cell, membranes protect the cell from the outside environment, cytoskeleton provide structure and transportation pathways for and within the cell.