Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells
All organisms are made up of microscopic objects called _______ ?
Cells
All cells have a cell membrane; however, some have an additional protective covering that is more sturdy and rigid, called a ________.
Cell Wall
Contains channel proteins which traverse the two layers
Controls the entry and exit of large molecules
Cell Membrane
a series of membranes and connecting tubes that provide the work surface for many of the cell’s chemical reactions.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is a Flagella?
a long whip-like thread which can propel the cell along.
Archaea and Bacteria
Cell Walls are present in the cells of _______, ________, _________ and some _________,
Cell Walls are present in the cells of PLANTS, BACTERIA, FUNGI and some PROTIST.
A stack of flat membrane-covered sacs that sort and package chemicals for export.
Golgi Body
This organelle is responsible for making the proteins. It is made of ribosomal RNA and are responsible for receiving the messenger RNA from the nucleus and converting this into amino acid.
Ribosome
What is cilla?
True of False: Prokaryotes are much larger than eukaryotic cells
False, they are smaller than eukaryotic cells.
Most plants have a centralized ______ which takes up majority of the space inside the cell.
Most plants have a centralized _vacuole_ which takes up majority of the space inside the cell.
Name the structure which moves large molecules into and out of the cell.
Channel Proteins
Breaking down, digesting waste products, and protecting the cells from foreign.
What is pseudopodia ?
The cytoplasm flows forwards forming tentacle-like projections called pseudopodia or ‘false feet’. This allows an amoeba to not only move forward but to also help collect food.
The name prokaryote comes from the Greek, what does "karyon" mean?
It means nut or kernel, which infers the nucleus of the cell.
These stacks are responsible for trapping sunlight to be used for ______________ in order to make food for the cell.
Photosynthesis
The mitochondria is considered the powerhouse of the cell as they are responsible for the storage of energy on the specialized energy-rich molecule called _ATP_.
What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum.
Rough and Smooth, the difference is that rough has enzymes in them while the smooth does not.
What is the eyespot?
The eyespot or stigma is a heavily pigmented area found in some single-celled organisms, such as Euglena.
The genetic material of prokaryotes are found free within the ___________ of the cell in a region called the nucleoid.
Cytoplasm
Chloroplasts contain piles of flat disc called _______ or ____________.
Grana or thylakoids
TRUE OR FALSE: Cells with a lesser amount of mitochondria are more active and have a higher energy demand.
False, Cells with a LARGER amount of mitochondria are more active and have a higher energy demand.
How many subunits to the ribosome?
Two, a large subunit and a small subunit
True or False: Unicellular organisms are self-contained, often having specialized structures which enable them to survive as a single cell.
False