(insert Organic word here)
An Atom or a group of atoms attached to a compound that determine its properties, both chemical and physical
Functional Group
Variations on an element and its number of protons, often changing the chemical properties of the element
Isotopes
Two or more compounds with the same makeup with a different structure and properties
What are isomers?
Isomers that are different specifically because of their connections between the atoms. They are bonded differently.
What are constitutional Isomers?
The system used to name compounds and/or functional groups is organic chemistry.
What are Nomenclature rules?
The name of the molecule before functional groups or anything else is attached.
Base Name
An group of atoms that replaces a hydrogen in a compound.
Substituent
The name given at the beginning of a compound that denotes the # of carbons in the atom.
Prefix
The name in the middle that is used to denote structure and bonding patterns of a compound.
Infix
The name at the end that signifies what type of compound it is.
Suffix
the shape of a molecule resulting from the rotation of the original about 1-2 different points.
Conformation
An isomer that is different specifically due to its orientation in space after a rotation.
conformational isomer
the substituents that line up at a 0 deg angle to their adjacent atoms. This causes them to overlap in a Newman structure view.
eclipsed conformation
a 60 deg conformation of substituents that allows them to not cover each other in a Newman view of the atom.
Staggered conformaion
Increase in potential energy of an atom due to deviation of a bond angle beyond 109.5 deg optimal angle for tetrahedral structures. (sp3 atoms)
angular strain
Atoms that are not directly bonded to each other.*
Steric Strain
A staggered arrangement where 2 substituents are able to interact despite not being bonded with each other.
Gauch Conformation
Steric repulsion between substituents in the axial position bionded to C1 and substituents on C3 and C5
1,3-Diaxial interaction
a saturated hydro-C w/ carbon atoms in a closed ring, only single bonded.
cycloalkane
A saturated hydro-C with 2 fused or bridged rings sharing 2 or more carbons
bicyclo alkanes
angular strains wife from Alabama. more alike than they want to admit
angle strain
increased energy in a molecule due to twisting forces along a bond
tortional strain
The process where two "Chair" structures flip and swap places of their substituents
ring flip
a bond on a ring structure that is up or down, parallel to the vertical axis of a ring structure
axial position
The bond protruding from a chair structure
equatorial position