Isomers
Non-mirror-image stereoisomers
What are Diastereomers?
Tend to have lone pairs or pi bonds that can form new bonds to electrophiles. Increases with electron density.
What are Nucleophiles?
Hydrogen of the hydroxyl group of a phenol is acidic for this reason
What is the oxygen containing anion is resonance stabilized by the ring?
Separates solids from liquids
What is Filtration?
Nonpolar solvent mobile phase and polar card stationary phase to identify a sample
What is Thin-layer or paper?
Nonsuperimposable mirror images that have opposite stereochemistry at every chiral carbon?
What is Enantiomers?
Tend to have positive charge or positively polarized atom that accepts an electron pair from a nucleophile
What are Electrophiles?
Product of treatment of phenols with oxidizing agents
What are Quinones?
Separates liquids based on boiling points
What is Distillation?
Used to separate vaporizable compounds
What is Gas (GC)?
What are Staggered Conformations?
Breaking a bond with both electrons being given to one of the two products
What is Heterolysis?
Vital electron carrier associated with Complexed I, II, and III in electron transport chain
What are Ubiquinones?
Separates solids based on differential solubility in varying temperatures
What is Recrystallization?
Used to purify a molecule on interest
What is Affinity?
Conformations that have groups directly in front of each other
What are Eclipsed Conformations?
Molecular fragments that retain electrons after heterolysis
What are Leaving Groups?
Ubiquinone reduces to ubiquinol which can then be reoxidized to ubiquinone
What is the Q cycle?
What is Electrophoresis?
Uses polar solvent mobile phase and nonpolar card stationary phase to identify a sample
What is Reverse-Phase?
Type of strain from interactions with substituents on nonadjacent carbons
What are Nonbonded Strains?
The reaction favored in polar protic solvents
What is SN1?
Another name for ubiquinones
What is Coenzyme Q?
Uses stationary phase and mobile phase to separate compounds based on polarity and/or size
What is Chromatography?
Used to separate components by size
What is Size-Exclusion?