Exam 1
________ is the process where atomic orbitals mix to form hybrid orbitals.
What is hybridization?
A _____ reaction involves the oxidation of hydrocarbons to release energy.
What is combustion?
What is aromatic?
Secondary alcohols oxidize to _____ using oxidants such as PCC.
What are ketones?
____ are sugar based molecules used primarily for energy & cellular structure.
What are carbohydrates?
_____ is the shape of a sp3 hybridized carbon.
What is tetrahedral?
_____ is a stability tactic that represents electron delocalization
What is resonance?
_____ is a single step reaction where a nucleophile commits a “backside attack”.
What is SN2?
_____ is a carbonyl with at least one hydrogen attached.
What is an aldehyde?
A _____ is a carboxylic acid with a long, straight hydrocarbon chain.
What is a fatty acid?
____ is a quick way to determine how many pi bonds or rings are in a molecule.
What are degrees of unsaturation?
____ have a double bond at the end of the carbon chain.
What are terminal alkenes?
____ solvents are ideal for SN1 & E1 reactions.
What is protic?
____ reacts with a carbonyl group to form hemiacetals and acetals.
What are alcohols?
Monosaccharides are often drawn using _________.
What are Fischer projections?
The state of matter for large alkanes (C18+) are typically _____.
What are waxy solids?
Whose rule suggests that the halogen adds to the more substituted carbon?
Who is Markovnikov?
____ alcohols do not oxidize easily due to the lack of a hydrogen atom on the hydroxyl-bearing carbon.
What is tertiary?
_____ uses water to cleave a functional group.
What is hydrolysis?
_____ are stereoisomers with only one chiral center different.
Because they are super impossible on their mirror images, _____ do not rotate plane-polarized light.
What are meso compounds?
_______ of alkenes results in vicinal dihalides via anti addition.
What is halogenation?
Alcohols undergo _______ (E1 mechanism) to form alkenes.
What is acid-catalyzed dehydration?
Using ____ a benzyl carbon is oxidized to carboxylic acid.
Which type of protein contains a non-protein prosthetic group such as heme in hemoglobin?
What is a conjugated protein?