Vocabulary
Organic compounds
IUPAC
Fossil Fuels
Daily life
100
An organic molecule containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms is called...
Hydrocarbon
100
Which element is present in all organic compounds?
Carbon
100
hydrocarbon chains that form into circular rings are given this prefix in front of their name...
cyclo-
like in cyclobutane, or Cyclohexane
100
Fossil fuels can be found buried in the ground as solids, liquids, and gases. Name the 3 types of fossil fuels
solid=coal
liquid=crude oil
gas=natural gas
100
This carbon allotrope is the dark middle of a pencil
graphite
200
The study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-containing compounds is called...
organic chemistry
200
There are 20 different kinds of this protein building-block monomer
amino acids
200
What do you call the method this molecule is presented?
line notation
200
Crayons, lipstick, plastic cups, and candles are all derived from what natural substance?
crude oil
200
Which of the Big 4 biomolecules would we classify cotton?
carbohydrates
300
The molecules that make up beef, chicken, fish, pork, skin, and muscle can all be classified as....
proteins
300
each of two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the molecule and different properties.
isomers
300
name this
2,4-dimethyl-pentane
300
very long chain carbons of 50 or more accumulate at the bottom of oil refinery towers. What is this thick sludge used for?
asphalt, road repairs, roofing tar, shingles
300
This hydrocarbon called C3H8 is used to cook food
propane
400
Foods that are oily, greasy, buttery, or cheesy contain organic molecules called...
lipids (triglycerides)
400
Organic molecules featuring the distinctive hexagonal ring "benzene" are known to be...
aromatic or smelly
400
What's the difference between an alkane, an alkene, and an alkyne?
single bond, double bond, triple bond
400
The process of separating out different types of hydrocarbons in a refinery by heating them into a vapor and them allowing them to condense at different temperatures is called...
fractional distillation
400
This allotrope of carbon is the hardest known substance
diamond
500
Biological macromolecules, such as DNA and RNA, composed of a nitrogen base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group are called...
Nucleic Acids
500
What is the most abundant organic compound on Earth?
RNA, cellulose, or triglycerides?
cellulose (trees, forests, wood)
500
what are these branches called?
ethyl branches
500
Fossil fuels are packed with energy and burn reliably everyday. Name a disadvantage of fossil fuels
dirty, polluting, release toxic smoke, release carbon dioxide, can explode, will run out someday
500
What molecule do living organisms use to transmit their genetic code to their offspring?
DNA