This approach to management came about because organizational behavior theories don’t apply in all situations. They are not a one-size fits all solution that can be used in all situations; this approach calls for managers and leaders to use situational awareness and context and apply the best approach based on the given situation.
What is Contingency Approach
100
This legislation is to outlaw discrimination and to encourage organizations to proactively prevent discrimination.
What is Affirmative Action
100
This is a decision making technique in which the group meets, identifies the problem, then all group members compile a list of possible solutions. Each group member then offers one of his or her solutions that are then written on the board, after all members have contributes, these possible solutions are discussed by the group. Any member can defend or criticize any possible solution.
What is Nominal Group Technique (NGT)
100
This communication style is expressive and ¬self-enhancing and is based on ethics and the respect for human rights.
What is an assertive communication style
100
This is the principle of the single hierarchy of authority, or chain of command, in which each employee reports to only one manager. This principle is not adhered to in modern organizations that use cross-functional or self-managed teams to accomplish the tasks.
What is the Unity of Command Principle
200
A measureable statistical examination of several separate but similar experiments or studies that pools data to determine statistical impact. Meta-analyses are useful in identifying any relationships and trends in the studies. This technique is useful when several smaller studies have found inconsistent results.
What is Meta-Analysis
200
A learned predisposition to respond in a consistently favorable or unfavorable manner with respect to a given object.
What is an Attitude
200
This management style is extremely effective and works on the premise that involving employees in decision making, objective feedback and goal setting will improve performance.
What is Management by Objectives (MBO)
200
Focuses on service to others rather than self; this type of leader is less likely to hurt others. In theory, this leadership style creates a wiser, healthier, and more autonomous work force.
What is Servant-Leadership
200
This type of leadership managers use goal setting, monitoring progress, and rewards and punishments for followers to drive motivation and performance. They clarify employee’s roles and tasks and hold followers accountable for their performance.
What is Transactional Leadership
300
This occurs before an individual actually joins an organization. It is represented by the information people have learned about different careers, occupations, professions, and organizations.
What is Anticipatory socialization
300
They directly contribute to job satisfaction or dissatisfaction. They include company policy and administration, technical supervision, salary, interpersonal relations with one’s supervisor, and working conditions.
What are Hygiene Factors
300
This term is used to describe the phenomenon of people employing less effort when working on a team compared to the amount of effort they would normally put into a personal project. This results in teams being less productive than the combined performance of the members if they had worked individually.
What is Social Loafing
300
A form of dispute resolution that is a less expensive approach compared to going to court to have your case heard. It provides a faster, more user-friendly alternative to the traditional litigation system. A third party or a team of selected co-workers are often used to resolve complaints informally and confidentially.
What is Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
300
Situational variables that cause one style of leadership to be more effective than another
What are Contingency factors
400
This theory assumes that most people must be coerced and threatened with punishment before they will work and people require close direction when they are working
What is Theory X
400
Those with this type of locus of control believe their decisions and life are controlled by environmental factors which they cannot influence, or by chance or fate; they praise or blame external factors for their successes or failures.
What is External Locus of Control
400
A problem solving method in which ideas are anonymously generated by physically dispersed experts in the form of questionnaires or via the internet.
What is Delphi Technique
400
This leadership style works by gaining the trust of the employee and by developing leadership skills in others. It involves self-sacrifice for the better of the group and generally results in tremendous organizational change.
What is Transformational Leadership
400
This entails a simultaneous, ongoing, mutual influence process in which individuals share responsibility for leading regardless of formal roles and titles
What is Shared leadership
500
This term refers to the obligations of corporations to others, beyond shareholders and beyond the bounds of law or contract.
What is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
500
Those psychological processes that cause the arousal, direction, and persistence of voluntary actions that are goal directed
What is Motivation
500
A model of motivation that explains how people strive for fairness and justice in social exchanges or give-and-take relationships
What is Equity Theory
500
This refers to messages sent and received that are not written or spoken. It includes the use of time and space, distance, color, dress, behavior, positioning, etc.
What is Nonverbal Communication
500
A graphic representation of formal authority and division of labor relationships