Islamic Foundations
What led to the expansion of the Islamic Empire?
Military conquest, trade, and cultural diffusion.
What is the holy book of Islam?
The Qur'an (Koran).
What is the main belief of Sunni Muslims regarding leadership?
The caliph should be chosen from the Muslim community.
What advances in science and medicine came from the Islamic Empire?
Advances in astronomy, mathematics, and medical knowledge.
What event marked the beginning of Islam?
Muhammad's teachings and the revelations he received.
What is a caliph?
A leader of the Islamic Empire after Muhammad's death.
Who is the founder of Islam?
Muhammad.
Who do Shiite Muslims believe should lead?
A direct descendant of Muhammad.
How did Islamic architecture influence other cultures?
It influenced buildings across three continents.
Describe Muhammad's early life.
He was a merchant in Mecca before receiving messages from God.
What is cultural diffusion?
The spread of beliefs, ideas, and goods from one group to another.
What are the Five Pillars of Islam?
Shahada, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, Hajj.
What caused the schism between Sunni and Shiite Muslims?
Disagreement about who should be Muhammad's successor.
Name a form of art that spread throughout the Islamic world.
Calligraphy or poetry.
What was the significance of the Qur'an?
It is believed to be the word of God given to Muhammad.
How did trade affect the spread of Islam?
Muslim merchants shared their faith along trade routes.
What city is considered the birthplace of Islam?
Mecca.
What is a successor in the context of Islam?
The person who takes over a role after someone else.
What is the significance of the Arabic language in science?
Arabic words entered many languages, especially in scientific fields.
What was the role of tolerance in the Islamic Empire?
People in conquered areas could keep their religion if they paid a tax.
Describe the role of military conquest in the Islamic Empire.
It allowed the empire to take control of land and spread Islam.
What is the meaning of "Muslim"?
A follower of the religion of Islam.
Name one region where Shiite Muslims are the majority.
Iran or parts of Iraq.
How did cuisine spread through trade routes?
Food preparation techniques and ingredients traveled along trade routes.
Summarize the reasons for the split between Sunni and Shiite Muslims.
Disagreement over who should succeed Muhammad as leader.