Origins of the Cold War
In what month and year did the United Nations officially form?
October 1945?
What Eastern European nation saw forced party unification into the SED in 1946?
East Germany
In which month and year was the Truman Doctrine announced?
March 1947
What was the Marshall Plan’s official name?
European Recovery Program.
In what year did the Berlin Blockade begin?
1948
At which 1944 conference were the IMF and World Bank established?
Bretton Woods
In which country were elections rigged in 1947 to remove non-communists?
Hungary
Name one country that first received Truman Doctrine aid.
Greece? (or Turkey)
Who was the US Secretary of State who proposed it?
George Marshall.
What triggered the Soviet blockade of Berlin?
Introduction of the Deutsche Mark.
What was the Soviet motive for creating a buffer zone in Eastern Europe?
To prevent future invasions.
What Soviet-led organisation was formed in 1947 to coordinate communist parties?
Cominform
What US foreign policy goal did the Truman Doctrine begin?
Containment
How much aid (USD) did the Marshall Plan provide?
About $13 billion
What was the Allied response to the blockade?
The Berlin Airlift.
What new US capability was revealed to Stalin at Potsdam?
The atomic bomb.
Which 1948 event in Czechoslovakia alarmed Western nations?
The communist coup.
What phrase did Truman use to describe ideological divisions?
“Free peoples” vs “totalitarian regimes.”
How did the USSR react to the Marshall Plan?
Rejected it.
How long did the blockade last?
11 months
What term did Churchill use in 1946 to describe Europe’s division?
“Iron Curtain”
Name one method the USSR used to control Eastern Europe post-1945.
Installing pro-Soviet governments.
What did the Truman Doctrine end in US foreign policy?
Isolationism
What was one goal of the Marshall Plan in Europe?
To prevent communism’s spread.
What alliance was formed in response to the blockade in 1949?
NATO