Life Cycle of Stars
Stars with higher temperatures usually emit ____________ colored light?
Blue
What is the main evidence that the universe is expanding, and how does the Doppler effect support this idea?
Most galaxies show red shift → moving away → universe expanding
what are the two characteristics of stars that you would find on a HR diagram
temp and luminosity
what does EMS stand for?
Electromagnetic spectrum
What are the three main types of galaxies, and what makes each one different in appearance?
Spiral - arms that stretch out like spirals
Elliptical - egg shaped
irregular - no definite shape
What determines the path a star will take in its life cycle (such as becoming a white dwarf or a black hole)?
The mass of the star
How is red shift different from blue shift, and what does each tell scientists about the movement of stars or galaxies?
red shift tells scientist that the universe is expanding, blue shift tells scientist that the universe (galaxies) are coming together.
Where does the sun fit on the HR diagram and why?
The middle, because it is a average luminosity and average temp star
What happens to the wavelength and frequency of a wave when it gains more energy?
the wavelength decreases and the frequency increases
Which type of galaxy is the Milky Way, and where is Earth located within it?
Spiral and on the arm
Describe the typical life cycle of a medium-mass star like our Sun.
Nebula -> Prostar -> Sun Like Star -> Red Giant -> Planetary nebula -> White Dwarf
What causes a super giant to become a supernova and how do supernovas contribute to the origin of the universe?
Super giants become supernova's when the star is dying and it forms new galaxies and stars by adding necessary elements to the universe
predict the future stages of the sun?
red giant -> planetary nebula -> white dwarf
How are amplitude and wave energy related?
the amplitude is the height of a wave, the greater the amplitude the more energy the wave carries
how do we know that the universe is expanding
scientist will see red shift on a spectrometer
What are 5 variables are used to classify stars?
Color, size, luminosity, mass, temp
What scientific theory explains that the universe began as a tiny, extremely hot, and dense point and has been expanding ever since? AND what are two evidences that support this theory?
The big bang theory
2 Evidences:
- Cosmic Background Radiation
- Doppler Effect
What are the coolest stars on the HR diagram?
red
Which has the highest frequency: microwaves, visible light, or gamma rays?
gamma rays
Milky way and andromeda
What is a nebula?
a ball of gas and dust that begins the formation of a star
What are the three theories that support the origins of the universe?
1. The explosion of super nova's
2. The doppler effect
- red shift/blue shift
3. The big bang theory
- CMB
Where would the coolest, brightest stars be located on the HR diagram?
The upper right side of the HR diagram
What happens to the wavelength as frequency increases across the electromagnetic spectrum?
wavelength decreases as frequency increases
When the wavelength decreases what does this tell us about objects in the universe ?
that objects in the universe are moving closer to us (doppler effect)