The Cold War (1945-1991)
Why was US-exclusive ownership of nuclear weapons from 1945-1949 important?
It was seen as a deterrent to Soviet ambitions
What sparked fears of communism in the United States?
“Atomic spies” and the spread of communism in Europe and Asia
Why did the US increase spending for science, including the NDEA and NASA?
The Space Race
What was the result of mass demonstrations in the Soviet Union (Eastern Europe)?
Several communist governments give up power in favor of self-determinism
What was a result of the increased global communication and international business following the Cold War?
The rise of satellite technology and the Internet
Who tested nuclear weapons in 1949, and became the second world power to own nuclear weapons?
The Soviet Union
Who/what were the targets of communist subversion during the Second Red Scare?
The media, universities, and labor unions
The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Arms race were a result of _____.
Rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union
What led to reduced tensions between the US and the Soviet Union?
Détente and Realpolitik
What is the result of an increasing trade deficit in the United States?
A shift toward jobs in the service sector
What policy began in the 1940’s to stop the spread of communism in Eastern Europe?
Containment Policy
What Congressional investigations significantly limited civil liberties during the Second Red Scare?
The House Un-American Activities Committee
How was the United States able to get involved in Korea?
The United States gained support from the UN for the defense of Korea, and Truman used presidential “police powers” to intervene
When did the Soviet Union collapse?
(What was a symbol of this collapse?)
1991
(The Berlin Wall)
What is the modern concern over control of nuclear weapons?
Non-governmental ownership of nuclear weapons and the use of “suitcase nukes”
What Western efforts were taken to prevent the spread of communism?
NATO and the Marshall Plan
Who was the senator that engaged in baseless claims of communism against government officials, including an accusation against the US Army?
Senator Joseph McCarthy
What was the dominant issue of the 1968 and 1972 presidential elections?
The Vietnam War
What was a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union?
Eastern European countries started to govern themselves, and moved to democracies and free markets
What has been the major concern with the rise of terrorism around the world and in the United States?
Balancing national security with civil liberties
How did the US attempt to contain communism in Asia?
Korean and Vietnam Wars
Who were the spies that were convicted of espionage and executed for their involvement in the Vinona Papers?
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
What were some domestic results of the Vietnam War?
Massive protests, decreased funding for domestic programs, and an increase in distrust of the government
What did the US support in Eastern Europe after the fall of the Soviet Union?
Economic aid and education reforms
What was the direct result of the 9-11 terrorist attacks?
The Patriot Act